Biology:Strophanthus speciosus
| Forest poison rope | |
|---|---|
| |
| |
| Strophanthus speciosus[1] | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Genus: | Strophanthus |
| Species: | S. speciosus
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| Binomial name | |
| Strophanthus speciosus | |
| Synonyms[3] | |
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Strophanthus speciosus, commonly known as the forest poison rope, is a tree, shrub or woody climber which is native to southern Africa.[4]
Description
Strophanthus speciosus grows as a tree or shrub up to 4 metres (13 ft) tall, and as a liana up to 16 metres (52 ft) long, with a stem diameter up to 3 centimetres (1.2 in). Its flowers feature a white turning orange corolla, red-streaked on the inside.[5]
Distribution and habitat
Strophanthus speciosus is native to Zimbabwe, South Africa and Eswatini.[2][5] It occurs in forests and their margins from 300–1,400 metres (1,000–5,000 ft) altitude.[5]
Uses
Local medicinal uses of S. speciosus include snakebite treatment. The plant has also been used as arrow poison.[5] As with other species of Strophanthus it contains the cardiac glycoside strophanthin - plants of allied genera contain similar compounds.
Gallery
Habit
foliage
the two-horned fruit capsule, releasing seeds from both horns
cloudy latex flowing from a scar where a leaf was broken off
References
- ↑ 1868 illustration by Walter Hood Fitch (1817 – 1892) - Curtis's Botanical Magazine v94 (1868) Plate 5713
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI).; IUCN SSC Global Tree Specialist Group (2019). "Strophanthus speciosus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2019: e.T149511893A149511895. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-2.RLTS.T149511893A149511895.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/149511893/149511895. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Strophanthus speciosus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=198288.
- ↑ Snyman, Hannelie (Kirstenbosch NBG). "Strophanthus speciosus (Ward & Harv.) Reber". SANBI. http://pza.sanbi.org/strophanthus-speciosus.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Medicinal Plants. PROTA. 2008. pp. 560. ISBN 978-9-05782-204-9.
Wikidata ☰ Q14862236 entry
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