Biology:Equisetales
| Equisetales | |
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| Equisetum sylvaticum in France | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Subclass: | Equisetidae |
| Order: | Equisetales DC. ex Bercht. & J. Presl |
| Families | |
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Equisetales is an order of subclass Equisetidae with only one living family, Equisetaceae, containing the genus Equisetum (horsetails).
Classification
In the molecular phylogenetic classification of Smith et al. in 2006, Equisetales, in its present circumscription, was held to be the sole member of class Equisetopsida.[1] The linear sequence of Christenhusz et al. (2011), intended for compatibility with the classification of Chase and Reveal (2009)[2] which placed all land plants in Equisetopsida,[3] made it the sole member of subclass Equisetidae, equivalent to Smith's Equisetopsida.[2] The placement of Equisetales in subclass Equisetidae has subsequently been followed in the classifications of Christenhusz and Chase (2014)[4] and PPG I (2016).[5]
The fossil record includes additional extinct species in Equisetaceae and the extinct families Calamitaceae, Archaeocalamitaceae and Phyllothecaceae.[6][7]
References
- ↑ Smith, Alan R.; Pryer, Kathleen M.; Schuettpelz, Eric; Korall, Petra; Schneider, Harald; Wolf, Paul G. (August 2006). "A classification for extant ferns". Taxon 55 (3): 705–731. doi:10.2307/25065646. https://www.fieldmuseum.org/sites/default/files/smith-et-al-taxon-2006.original.pdf.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (18 February 2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns". Phytotaxa 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2. http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf.
- ↑ Chase, Mark W.; Reveal, James L. (October 2009). "A phylogenetic classification of the land plants to accompany APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 161 (2): 122–127. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.01002.x.
- ↑ Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Chase, Mark W. (13 February 2014). "Trends and concepts in fern classification". Annals of Botany 113 (4): 571–594. doi:10.1093/aob/mct299. PMID 24532607.
- ↑ The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (November 2016). "A community-derived classification for extant lycophytes and ferns". Journal of Systematics and Evolution 54 (6): 563–603. doi:10.1111/jse.12229.
- ↑ Stanich, Nicholas; Gar W. Rothwell; Ruth A. Stockey (2009). "Phylogenetic diversification of Equisetum (Equisetales) inferrred from Lower Cretaceous species of British Columbia, Canada.". American Journal of Botany 96 (7): 1289–1299. doi:10.3732/ajb.0800381. PMID 21628278.
- ↑ Uma nova espécie de Phyllotheca Brongniart
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q5291566 entry
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