Biology:Scolopendromorpha
| Scolopendromorpha | |
|---|---|
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| An unidentified species guarding her eggs | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Myriapoda |
| Class: | Chilopoda |
| (unranked): | Pleurostigmomorpha |
| Order: | Scolopendromorpha |
| Families | |
The Scolopendromorpha, also known as tropical centipedes[1] and bark centipedes,[2] are an order of centipedes whose members are epimorphic[3] and usually possess 21 or 23 trunk segments with the same number of paired legs. The number of leg pairs is fixed at 21 for most species in this order and fixed at 23 for the remaining species, except for two species with intraspecific variation: Scolopendropsis bahiensis, which has 21 or 23 leg pairs, and Scolopendropsis duplicata, which has 39 or 43 leg pairs.[4] Species in this order have antennae with 17 or more segments. The order comprises the five families Cryptopidae, Scolopendridae, Mimopidae, Scolopocryptopidae, and Plutoniumidae. Nearly all species in the family Scolopendridae have four ocelli (simple eyes) on each side of the head, and the genus Mimops (family Mimopidae) features a pale area often considered an ocellus on each side of the head, whereas the other three families are blind.[5][6] Species in the family Scolopocryptopidae have 23 leg-bearing segments, whereas species in all other families in this order have only 21 leg-bearing segments (with the exception of the genus Scolopendropsis in Scolopendridae).[7][6][5][8] The only 3 known amphibious centipedes, Scolopendra cataracta, Scolopendra paradoxa and Scolopendra alcyona belong to this order.[9][10][11][12]
References
- ↑ "Tropical Centipedes (Order Scolopendromorpha)" (in en). https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/53763-Scolopendromorpha.
- ↑ "Bark Centipedes - Encyclopedia of Life". https://eol.org/pages/6370.
- ↑ Fusco, Giuseppe (2005). "Trunk segment numbers and sequential segmentation in myriapods" (in en). Evolution & Development 7 (6): 608–617. doi:10.1111/j.1525-142X.2005.05064.x. ISSN 1525-142X. PMID 16336414. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1525-142X.2005.05064.x.
- ↑ Minelli, Alessandro (2020). "Arthropod segments and segmentation – lessons from myriapods, and open questions". Opuscula Zoologica 51(S2): 7–21. doi:10.18348/opzool.2020.S2.7. http://opuscula.elte.hu/PDF/Tomus51_S2/Op_%20Minelli_Arthropod_segmentation.pdf.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Jiang, Chao; Bai, Yunjun; Shi, Mengxuan; Liu, Juan (2020-12-05). "Rediscovery and phylogenetic relationships of the scolopendromorph centipede Mimops orientalis Kraepelin, 1903 (Chilopoda): a monotypic species of Mimopidae endemic to China, for more than one century" (in en). ZooKeys (932): 75–91. doi:10.3897/zookeys.932.51461. ISSN 1313-2970. PMID 32476974. PMC 7239954. https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/51461/.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Vahtera, Varpu; Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Giribet, Gonzalo (2012). "Evolution of blindness in scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda: Scolopendromorpha): insight from an expanded sampling of molecular data" (in en). Cladistics 28 (1): 4–20. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00361.x. ISSN 1096-0031. PMID 34856735.
- ↑ Edgecombe, Gregory D.; Giribet, Gonzalo (2007). "Evolutionary Biology of Centipedes (Myriapoda: Chilopoda)". Annual Review of Entomology 52: 151–170. doi:10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091326. PMID 16872257. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.ento.52.110405.091326.
- ↑ Benavides, Ligia R.; Jiang, Chao; Giribet, Gonzalo (2021-09-01). "Mimopidae is the sister group to all other scolopendromorph centipedes (Chilopoda, Scolopendromorpha): a phylotranscriptomic approach" (in en). Organisms Diversity & Evolution 21 (3): 591–598. doi:10.1007/s13127-021-00502-2. ISSN 1618-1077. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13127-021-00502-2.
- ↑ Bates, M. (26 June 2016). "'Horrific' First Amphibious Centipede Discovered". National Geographic. http://news.nationalgeographic.com/2016/06/amphibious-centipede-discovered-laos-scolopendra-cataracta-new-species/.
- ↑ Siriwut, W.; Edgecombe, G. D.; Sutcharit, C.; Tongkerd, P.; Panha, S. (2016). "A taxonomic review of the centipede genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) in mainland Southeast Asia, with description of a new species from Laos". ZooKeys (590): 1–124. doi:10.3897/zookeys.590.7950. PMID 27408540.
- ↑ Holmes, O. (1 July 2016). "Giant swimming, venomous centipede discovered by accident in world-first". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2016/jul/01/giant-swimming-venomous-centipede-found-south-east-asia.
- ↑ Sho, T. (12 April 2021). "A new amphibious species of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 (Scolopendromorpha, Scolopendridae) from the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan". https://www.biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.4952.3.3.>
Wikidata ☰ Q1201093 entry
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