Biology:Euglenales
| Euglenales | |
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| Euglena mutabilis | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Phylum: | Euglenozoa |
| Class: | Euglenoidea |
| Order: | Euglenales F.Stein, 1878 |
| Families[1] | |
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Euglenales (also known as Euglenida) is an order of flagellates in the phylum Euglenozoa. The family includes the most well-known euglenoid genus, Euglena, as well as other common genera like Phacus and Lepocinclis.[1]
Nomenclature
The order Euglenales is also known by the name Euglenida. The origin of this dual naming system is because of the history of protists. Euglenids have been treated as both algae and protozoans, which are governed by separate nomenclature codes.[2] If classified as an alga, it would fall under the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) and its correct name would be Euglenales; if classified as a protozoan, it would fall under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN) and would be called Euglenida.[1] Euglenids such as these are considered to be ambiregnal protists due to their parallel naming systems.[2]
Description
Euglenales consists mostly of freshwater organisms, in contrast to its sister Eutreptiales which is generally marine. Cells have two flagella, but only one is emergent; the other is very short and does not emerge from the cell, so cells appear to have only one flagellum.[3] In comparison, Eutreptiales is characterized by two emergent flagella.[4]
Phylogeny
In its current circumscription, Euglenales is monophyletic, consisting of two sister clades corresponding to Euglenaceae and Phacaceae.[5]
A cladogram representing the phylogenetic relationships is shown below:[1]
| Photosynthetic euglenoids |
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Kostygov, Alexei Y.; Karnkowska, Anna; Votýpka, Jan; Tashyreva, Daria; MacIszewski, Kacper; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav; Lukeš, Julius (2021). "Euglenozoa: Taxonomy, diversity and ecology, symbioses and viruses". Open Biology 11 (3): 200407. doi:10.1098/rsob.200407. PMID 33715388.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Patterson, David J.; Larsen, Jacob (1992). "A Perspective on Protistan Nomenclature". The Journal of Protozoology 39: 125–131. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1992.tb01292.x.
- ↑ Triemer, Richard E.; Zakryś, Bożena (2014). "Chapter 10. Photosynthetic Euglenoids". Freshwater Algae of North America: Ecology and Classification (2 ed.). Elsevier Inc.. ISBN 978-0-12-385876-4.
- ↑ Yamaguchi, Aika; Yubuki, Naoji; Leander, Brian S. (2012). "Morphostasis in a novel eukaryote illuminates the evolutionary transition from phagotrophy to phototrophy: Description of Rapaza viridis n. gen. et sp. (Euglenozoa, Euglenida)". BMC Evolutionary Biology 12: 29. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-12-29. PMID 22401606.
- ↑ Kim, Jong Im; Linton, Eric W.; Shin, Woongghi (2015). "Taxon-rich multigene phylogeny of the photosynthetic euglenoids (Euglenophyceae)". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 3. doi:10.3389/fevo.2015.00098.
Wikidata ☰ Q2389349 entry
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