Social:Proof of Humanity
Proof of Humanity (or PoH) is an implementation of a proof of personhood solution, built as a decentralized application on the Ethereum blockchain. Its primary aim is "to create a sybil-proof list of humans".[1] It has been described as "a social identity verification system for humans".[2]
The project was founded in 2020 by Clément Lesaege (co-founder and CTO of Kleros[3]) and Santiago Siri (co-founder of Democracy Earth[4]), and the registry launched in 2021.[5] As of April 2022, there are approximately 15,000 profiles listed in the registry.[6]
In a Dec 2021 talk at the :es:Usina del Arte auditorium in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in front of a large audience, Ethereum inventor Vitalik Buterin described Proof of Humanity as "really important", and as "infrastructure that could really make the Ethereum world ... a more inclusive place".[7]
UBI token
Every verified human in the registry receives a stream of universal basic income (or UBI) tokens, at a rate of 1 UBI per hour, or 720 UBI per month.[8] The "ultimate goal" of Proof of Humanity is "to have a registry of all humans in the world so that they can receive a universal basic income".[9] In a January 2022 TIME article, Santiago Siri said, of his vision for the project: "some kind of global crypto UBI that's independent of any nation state or traditional bank".[10]
UBI tokens can be traded for other assets, such as cryptocurrency or fiat money. As of April 2022, 1 UBI is valued at approximately $0.04 USD, having consistently declined in value from a high of approximately $1 USD at its launch in early 2021.[11]
Governance
Proof of Humanity is neither owned nor operated by any traditional entity in any jurisdiction (although Democracy Earth Foundation is registered in California,[12] and Coopérative Kleros is registered in France[13]). Instead, it is governed by the Proof of Humanity Decentralized Autonomous Organization (or DAO).[14] The DAO's founding board members, for the inaugural one-year period of 2021-2022, are Santiago Siri, Herb Stephens, Clément Lesaege, and Federico Ast.[15]
As of April 2022, board membership for the second one-year period of 2022-2023 is open for candidacy, with the election scheduled to take place in May 2022.[16]
Fees
The only monetary charge imposed by Proof of Humanity itself is a deposit, of an Ethereum-denominated amount, which is payable upon submitting a profile, and which is refunded upon a profile's successful verification. As of April 2022, the deposit amount is 0.125 ETH (approximately $400 USD).[17]
However, because the act of profile submission executes a smart contract, it also incurs a gas fee (an Ethereum transaction fee) which, as of April 2022, is generally at least 0.012 ETH (approximately $40 USD).[18] Most users also incur additional fees, as they need to exchange fiat money for Ethereum (and vice versa) and to move ETH between wallets, in order to pay the deposit amount and to recoup it later.
Vitalik Buterin has pointed out Proof of Humanity as an example of a project whose success is being undermined by the network's exorbitant fees, saying in a March 2022 TIME article: "it really gets to the point where the financial derivatives and the gambley stuff start pricing out some of the cool stuff".[19]
References
- ↑ "Proof of Humanity" (in en-US). 2021. https://www.proofofhumanity.id/.
- ↑ Stuart James (2021). "Proof of Humanity - An Explainer" (in en-US). https://blog.kleros.io/proof-of-humanity-an-explainer/.
- ↑ "About Kleros" (in en-US). 2020. https://kleros.io/about/.
- ↑ "Democracy Earth" (in en-US). 2016. https://democracy.earth/.
- ↑ Federico Ast, Clément Lesaege, Damjan Malbašić (2021). "Proof of Humanity: Building the Internet of Humans" (in en-US). https://blog.kleros.io/proof-of-humanity-building-the-internet-of-humans/.
- ↑ "Proof of Humanity App" (in en-US). 2022. https://app.proofofhumanity.id/.
- ↑ Vitalik Buterin, Santiago Siri, Olivia Goldschmidt (22 December 2021). Vitalik Buterin in Argentina December 2021. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Ong Bitcoin Argentina. Retrieved 10 April 2022.
- ↑ Jimmy Ragosa, Santiago Siri, Federico Ast, Clément Lesaege (2021). "Introducing UBI: Universal Basic Income for Humans" (in en-US). https://blog.kleros.io/introducing-ubi-universal-basic-income-for-humans/.
- ↑ Jkusne (2021). "Renewal Process Improvements Discussion" (in en-US). https://gov.proofofhumanity.id/t/renewal-process-improvements-discussion/1119/9.
- ↑ Andrew R. Chow (2022). "How Blockchain Could Solve the Problem of Digital Identity" (in en-US). https://time.com/6142810/proof-of-humanity/.
- ↑ "Tokens: UBI" (in en-US). 2021. https://v2.info.uniswap.org/token/0xDd1Ad9A21Ce722C151A836373baBe42c868cE9a4.
- ↑ "Details for: Democracy Earth Foundation" (in en-US). 2015. https://rct.doj.ca.gov/Verification/Web/Details.aspx?result=7557f483-ffd3-4a28-ab07-5505941b1fdf.
- ↑ "Kleros' Legal Structure, Explained" (in en-US). 2018. https://medium.com/kleros/kleros-the-legal-structure-9cd8fca40b1c.
- ↑ Stuart James (2021). "Democracy Awakens - Introducing the Proof of Humanity DAO" (in en-US). https://blog.kleros.io/democracy-awakens/.
- ↑ "HIP-7: Institute a Mission Board" (in en-US). 2021. https://snapshot.org/#/poh.eth/proposal/QmTodvQUgpb1NPXNMvTVZYYLup7nzuiCiYsXxPgqm2P1VW.
- ↑ "Mission board election thread" (in en-US). 2022. https://gov.proofofhumanity.id/t/mission-board-election-thread/1844.
- ↑ Crispin Castillo (2022). "How to receive a basic income in the Ethereum UBI token?" (in en-US). https://www.bullfrag.com/how-to-receive-a-basic-income-in-the-ethereum-ubi-token/.
- ↑ "Ethereum wallet with Proof of Humanity transaction fees" (in en-US). 2022. https://etherscan.io/address/0x9357d5aa294481cd3639389c132e2eb7f62aba9f.
- ↑ Andrew R. Chow (2022). "The Man Behind Ethereum Is Worried About Crypto's Future" (in en-US). https://time.com/6158182/vitalik-buterin-ethereum-profile/.
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