Engineering:Coordinatograph
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A coordinatograph is an instrument which mechanically plots X and Y coordinates onto a surface, such as in compiling maps[1] or in plotting control points such as in electronic circuit design. One historic application of a coordinatograph was a machine that precisely placed and cut rubylith to create photomasks for early integrated circuits including some of the earliest generations of the modern PC microprocessor.[2] The coordinatograph produced layout would then be photographically reduced 100:1 to create the production photomask.[3]
See also
- Cartography
- Cartometry
- Photolithography
- Etching (microfabrication)
- Design for manufacturability
- Semiconductor device fabrication
References
- ↑ Maling, D. H. (2013). Measurements from Maps: Principles and Methods of Cartometry. Elsevier. pp. 160–161. ISBN 978-0-08-030290-4. https://archive.org/details/trent_0116401321561/page/160. Retrieved 7 January 2015.
- ↑ Volk, Andrew; Stoll, Peter; Metrovich, Paul (2001). Chao, Lin. ed. "Recollections of Early Chip Development at Intel". Intel Technology Journal (Q1, 2001): 10–11. http://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/research/2001-vol05-iss-1-intel-technology-journal.pdf. Retrieved 7 January 2015. "The first chips at Intel used a machine called a “Coordinatograph” to guide cutting of the [rubylith].".
- ↑ Bergman, Dieter (2007). Martel, Michael L.. ed. From Vacuum Tubes to Nanotubes: An Amazing Half Century: The Emergence of Electronic Circuit Technology 1957-2007. IPC. p. 113. http://anniversary.ipc.org/pdfs/HistoryBook_web.pdf. "(Semiconductor die patterns were usually produced at 100:1 using a scribe-coat coordinatograph where the coating was peeled away to leave the represented IC Pattern)."
External links
- https://www.cnet.com/news/intels-accidental-revolution states rubylith was used on the Intel 4004.
- http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Coordinatograph defines a coordinatograph in general terms.
- http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?arnumber=4023420 describes a modern version of the coordinatograph.
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