Alef (programming language)
| Paradigm | compiled, concurrent, structured |
|---|---|
| Designed by | Phil Winterbottom |
| First appeared | 1992 |
| Typing discipline | Static, strong |
| OS | Plan 9 from Bell Labs |
| Influenced by | |
| C, Newsqueak | |
| Influenced | |
| Limbo, Rust, Go | |
Alef is a discontinued concurrent programming language, designed as part of the Plan 9 operating system by Phil Winterbottom of Bell Labs. It implemented the channel-based concurrency model of Newsqueak in a compiled, C-like language.
History
Alef appeared in the first and second editions of Plan 9, but was abandoned during development of the third edition.[1][2] Rob Pike later explained Alef's demise by pointing to its lack of automatic memory management, despite Pike's and other people's urging Winterbottom to add garbage collection to the language;[3] also, in a February 2000 slideshow, Pike noted: "…although Alef was a fruitful language, it proved too difficult to maintain a variant language across multiple architectures, so we took what we learned from it and built the thread library for C."[4]
Alef was superseded by two programming environments. The Limbo programming language can be considered a direct successor of Alef and is the most commonly used language in the Inferno operating system. The Alef concurrency model was replicated in the third edition of Plan 9 in the form of the libthread library, which makes some of Alef's functionality available to C programs and allowed existing Alef programs (such as Acme) to be translated.[5]
Example
This example was taken from the Alef reference manual.[1] The piece illustrates the use of tuple data type.
(int, byte*, byte)
func()
{
return (10, "hello", 'c');
}
void
main()
{
int a;
byte* str;
byte c;
(a, str, c) = func();
}
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Winterbottom, Phil (1995). "Alef Language Reference Manual". Plan 9 Programmer's Manual: Volume Two. Murray Hill: AT&T. http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/papers/alef/ref.
- ↑ Plan 9 Manual. Murray Hill: Bell Labs. June 2000.
- ↑ Pike, Rob (2010). "Origins of Go concurrency style". OSCON Emerging Languages Camp. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3DtUzH3zoFo.
- ↑ Pike, Rob. "Rio: Design of a Concurrent Window System". http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/3rd_edition/rio/rio_slides.pdf.
- ↑ Plan 9 Manual.
- Flandrena, Bob (1995). "Alef Users' Guide". Plan 9 Programmer's Manual: Volume Two. Murray Hill: Bell Labs. http://doc.cat-v.org/plan_9/2nd_edition/papers/alef/ug.
- Phil Winterbottom (1992-10-20). "Plan9 VM". Newsgroup: comp.os.research. Usenet: 1c1denINN441@darkstar.UCSC.EDU.
 |  |
