Astronomy:Gnevyshev–Ohl rule
From HandWiki
The Gnevyshev–Ohl rule (GO rule) is an empirical rule according to which the sum of Wolf's sunspot numbers over an odd cycle exceeds that of the preceding even cycle[1][2]—see the Figure. The rule breaks down under certain conditions.[3] In particular, it invertes the sign across the Dalton minimum, but can be restored with the "lost cycle" in the end of the 18th century.[4][5] The nature of the GO rule is still unclear.[2]
Illustration of the GO rule: Intensities of sunspot cycles in pairs of even (open circles) and odd (filled circles) numbered cycles.[4] The GO rule is expresses in the connecting lines pointing up. The break of the rule for cycles 2–3 and 4–5 is visible.
References
- ↑ Gnevishev, M. N.; Ohl, A. I. (1948). "On the 22-year cycle of solar activity" (in ru). Astronomicheskii Zhurnal 25 (1): 18–20.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hathaway, D. (2015). "The solar cycle". Living Reviews in Solar Physics 12 (1): 4. doi:10.1007/lrsp-2015-4. PMID 27194958. Bibcode: 2015LRSP...12....4H.
- ↑ Komitov, Boris; Bonev, Boncho (2001). "Amplitude Variations of the 11 Year Cycle and the Current Solar Maximum 23". The Astrophysical Journal Letters 554 (1): 119–122. doi:10.1086/320908. Bibcode: 2001ApJ...554L.119K.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Usoskin, I.; Mursula, K.; Kovaltsov, G. (2001). "Was one sunspot cycle lost in late XVIII century?". Astronomy and Astrophysics 370 (2): L31–L34. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010319. Bibcode: 2001A&A...370L..31U.
- ↑ Usoskin, I.; Mursula, K.; Arlt, R.; Kovaltsov, G. (2009). "A Solar Cycle Lost in 1793-1800: Early Sunspot Observations Resolve the Old Mystery". Astrophysical Journal Letters 700 (2): L154–L157. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/L154. Bibcode: 2009ApJ...700L.154U.
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