Biology:Agouti signalling peptide
| agouti signalling protein, nonagouti homolog (mouse) | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | ASIP |
| Alt. symbols | AGTIL |
| NCBI gene | 434 |
| HGNC | 745 |
| OMIM | 600201 |
| RefSeq | NM_001672 |
| UniProt | P42127 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 20 q11.2-q12 |
Agouti signalling peptide, a product of the Agouti gene, is a peptide consisting of 131 amino acids. Its discovery was published in 1994 in the scientific journal Nature where its functional properties were described. It acts as an inverse agonist at melanocortin receptors, to be specific MC1.[2] It is produced by the Agouti gene ASIP.[3][4]
Function
In mice, the agouti gene encodes a paracrine signalling molecule that causes hair follicle melanocytes to synthesize the yellow pigment pheomelanin instead of the black or brown pigment eumelanin. Pleiotropic effects of constitutive expression of the mouse gene include adult-onset obesity, increased tumor susceptibility, and premature infertility. This gene is highly similar to the mouse gene and encodes a secreted protein that may (1) affect the quality of hair pigmentation, (2) act as an inverse agonist of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, (3) play a role in neuroendocrine aspects of melanocortin action, and (4) have a functional role in regulating lipid metabolism in adipocytes.[5]
Structure
Agouti signalling peptide adopts an inhibitor cystine knot motif. [1] Along with the homologous Agouti-related peptide, these are the only known mammalian proteins to adopt this fold.
See also
- Agouti-related peptide
- Agouti
- Bay (horse)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 McNulty, J. C.; Jackson, P. J.; Thompson, D. A.; Chai, B.; Gantz, I.; Barsh, G. S.; Dawson, P. E.; Millhauser, G. L. (2005). "Structures of the Agouti Signaling Protein". Journal of Molecular Biology 346 (4): 1059–1070. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2004.12.030. PMID 15701517.
- ↑ "Agouti protein is an antagonist of the melanocyte-stimulating-hormone receptor". Nature 371 (6500): 709–802. October 1994. doi:10.1038/371799a0. PMID 7935841.
- ↑ "Molecular structure and chromosomal mapping of the human homolog of the agouti gene". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (21): 9760–4. October 1994. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.21.9760. PMID 7937887.
- ↑ "Structure and function of ASP, the human homolog of the mouse agouti gene". Hum. Mol. Genet. 4 (2): 223–30. February 1995. doi:10.1093/hmg/4.2.223. PMID 7757071.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: ASIP". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=434.
Further reading
- Millington GW (May 2006). "Proopiomelanocortin (POMC): the cutaneous roles of its melanocortin products and receptors". Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 31 (3): 407–12. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02128.x. PMID 16681590.
External links
- agouti+protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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