Biology:Allotriocarida
| Allotriocarida | |
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| Biology:European_mantis, a hexapod | |
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| Biology:Triops longicaudatus, a Biology:branchiopod | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | Pancrustacea |
| Clade: | Allotriocarida Oakley et al., 2013 |
| Subphyla and classes | |
Allotriocarida (from classical Greek ἀλλότριος/allotrios 'different, foreign' and καρίς/karis 'shrimp, crustacean') is a clade of Pancrustacea, containing Hexapoda (all insects, springtails & their close relatives). It also contains three non-hexapod classes: Remipedia (blind, venomous crustaceans), Cephalocarida (translucent aquatic detrivores), and Branchiopoda (freshwater, non-decapod 'shrimp'). One study also found the Copepoda to be part of Allotriocarida.[2]
Allotriocarida is one of three major clades within Pancrustacea, being most closely related to its sister clade Multicrustacea (crabs, lobsters, barnacles, etc.), and more distantly related to the superclass Oligostraca (seed shrimp, fish lice, and tongue worms).[3]
History
The idea of hexapods being 'terrestrial crustaceans' is relatively recent, coming from a 2005 molecular analysis study.[4]
A 2013 study restructured the relationships within Pancrustacea, and first proposed the name Allotriocarida.[5]
The most recent study of Allotriocarida in 2019 provides additional evidence suggesting that Hexapoda and Remipedia are likely more closely related to each other than to Cephalocarida or Branchiopoda.[6]
As of 2024, the existence of Allotriocarida as a monophyletic group within Pancrustacea is now much more widely accepted than the Atelocerata classification which dates back to the 19th century. This formerly-held belief was that hexapods and myriapods (centipedes, millipedes, etc.) are more closely related to each other than they are to the Multicrustacea, based on morphological similarities in their tracheae, but this proposition has been contradicted by the aforementioned modern molecular phylogenetic studies. The most recent understanding of Allotriocarida, as described in the 2019 study,[6] can be seen in the cladogram below.
| Allotriocarida |
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References
- ↑ Walossek, Dieter (December 1993). "The Upper Cambrian Rehbachiella and the phylogeny of Branchiopoda and Crustacea". Lethaia 26 (4): 318. doi:10.1111/j.1502-3931.1993.tb01537.x. Bibcode: 1993Letha..26....1W. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1502-3931.1993.tb01537.x.
- ↑ Bernot, James P; Owen, Christopher L; Wolfe, Joanna M; Meland, Kenneth; Olesen, Jørgen; Crandall, Keith A (2023). "Major Revisions in Pancrustacean Phylogeny and Evidence of Sensitivity to Taxon Sampling". Molecular Biology and Evolution 40 (8). doi:10.1093/molbev/msad175. PMID 37552897.
- ↑ WoRMS. "Allotriocarida". http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1598172.
- ↑ Regier, Jerome C.; Shultz, Jeffrey W.; Kambic, Robert E. (February 22, 2005). "Pancrustacean phylogeny: hexapods are terrestrial crustaceans and maxillopods are not monophyletic". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 272 (1561): 395–401. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2917. PMID 15734694.
- ↑ Oakley, Todd H.; Wolfe, Joanna M.; Lindgren, Annie R.; Zaharoff, Alexander K. (January 2013). "Phylotranscriptomics to Bring the Understudied into the Fold: Monophyletic Ostracoda, Fossil Placement, and Pancrustacean Phylogeny". Molecular Biology and Evolution 30 (1): 215–233. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss216. PMID 22977117. https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/30/1/215/1021983?login=false.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Lozano-Fernandez, Jesus; Giacomelli, Mattia; Fleming, James F.; Chen, Albert; Vinther, Jakob; Thomsen, Philip Francis; Glenner, Henrik; Palero, Ferran et al. (August 1, 2019). "Pancrustacean Evolution Illuminated by Taxon-Rich Genomic-Scale Data Sets with an Expanded Remipede Sampling". Genome Biology and Evolution 11 (8): 2055–2070. doi:10.1093/gbe/evz097. PMID 31270537. PMC 6684935. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334261134.
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