Biology:Apocynum
Apocynum, commonly known as dogbane[1] or Indian hemp,[1] is a small genus of the flowering plant family Apocynaceae. Its name comes from Ancient Greek ἀπόκυνον,[2] from ἀπο- apo- "away" and κύων kyōn "dog",[3] referring to dogbane (Cionura erecta),[4] which was used to poison dogs.[5] The genus is native to North America, temperate Asia, and southeastern Europe.[6][7][8]
Apocynum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the queen butterfly and the mouse moth.
Uses
Apocynum cannabinum is used as a source of fiber by Native Americans. Apocynum venetum (Chinese: 羅布麻) is used as an herbal tea in China.[9] Dogbane contains cymarin, a cardiotonic agent formerly used to treat cardiac arrhythmia in humans.[10]
Species
Almost 300 names have been proposed in the genus for species, subspecies, and forms.[6] As of 2019[update], only the following five species and hybrids are currently recognized, with several subspecies and varieties accepted for A. androsaemifolium and A. venetum (see their respective species pages).[11]
- Apocynum androsaemifolium L. – Canada, United States, northeastern Mexico
- Apocynum cannabinum L. – Canada, United States
- Apocynum × floribundum Greene (a hybrid of A. androsaemifolium and A. cannabinum) – Canada, United States, northern Mexico
- Apocynum pictum Schrenk – China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
- Apocynum venetum L. – southeastern Europe and Asia
-
Flowers of Apocynum cannabinum -
Leaves of Apocynum androsaemifolium -
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 English Names for Korean Native Plants. Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. pp. 517. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- ↑ ἀπόκυνον. Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; A Greek–English Lexicon at the Perseus Project.
- ↑ http://www.co.jefferson.co.us/coopext/plantdetail.do?sna=Apocynum+androsaemifolium&image=0 Colorado Plant Database
- ↑ ἀπόκυνον in Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Jones, Sir Henry Stuart, with the assistance of McKenzie, Roderick. Oxford: Clarendon Press. In the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University.
- ↑ Template:Jepson Manual
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedWCSP - ↑ Li, Bingtao; Leeuwenberg, Antony J. M.; Middleton, David J., "Apocynum", Flora of China, 16, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=102290
- ↑ "Apocynum", County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA) (Biota of North America Program (BONAP)), 2013, http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Apocynum
- ↑ Xiong, Q; Fan, W; Tezuka, Y; Adnyana, IK; Stampoulis, P; Hattori, M; Namba, T; Kadota, S (2000). "Hepatoprotective effect of Apocynum venetum and its active constituents". Planta Med 66 (2): 127–33. doi:10.1055/s-2000-11135. PMID 10763585. Bibcode: 2000PlMed..66..127X.
- ↑ National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Cymarine
- ↑ "Apocynum L.". Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2211-1.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q133242 entry
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