Biology:Apocynum
| Apocynum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Apocynum androsaemifolium | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Subfamily: | Apocynoideae |
| Tribe: | Apocyneae |
| Genus: | Apocynum L. |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Apocynum, commonly known as dogbane[2] or Indian hemp,[2] is a small genus of the flowering plant family Apocynaceae. Its name comes from Ancient Greek ἀπόκυνον apókunon, from ἀπο- apo- "away" and κύων kúōn "dog",[3] referring to dogbane (Cionura erecta),[4] which was used to poison dogs.[5] The genus is native to North America, temperate Asia, and southeastern Europe.[1][6][7]
Apocynum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the mouse moth and the queen butterfly.
Uses
Apocynum cannabinum was used as a source of fiber by Native Americans. Apocynum venetum (Chinese: 羅布麻) is used as an herbal tea in China .[8] Dogbane contains cymarin, a cardiotonic agent formerly used to treat cardiac arrhythmia in humans.[9]
Species
Almost 300 names have been proposed in the genus for species, subspecies, and forms.[1] (As of 2019), only the following five species and hybrids are currently recognized, with several subspecies and varieties accepted for A. androsaemifolium and A. venetum (see their respective species pages).[10]
- Apocynum androsaemifolium L. – Canada, United States, northeastern Mexico
- Apocynum cannabinum L. – Canada, United States
- Apocynum × floribundum Greene (a hybrid of A. androsaemifolium and A. cannabinum) – Canada, United States, northern Mexico
- Apocynum pictum Schrenk – China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
- Apocynum venetum L. – southeastern Europe and Asia
Flowers of Apocynum cannabinum
Leaves of Apocynum androsaemifolium
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Apocynum". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://wcsp.science.kew.org/namedetail.do?name_id=12795.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 English Names for Korean Native Plants. Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. pp. 517. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. http://www.forest.go.kr/kna/special/download/English_Names_for_Korean_Native_Plants.pdf. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
- ↑ http://www.co.jefferson.co.us/coopext/plantdetail.do?sna=Apocynum+androsaemifolium&image=0 Colorado Plant Database
- ↑ ἀπόκυνον in Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, revised and augmented throughout by Jones, Sir Henry Stuart, with the assistance of McKenzie, Roderick. Oxford: Clarendon Press. In the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University.
- ↑ Template:Jepson Manual
- ↑ Li, Bingtao; Leeuwenberg, Antony J. M.; Middleton, David J., "Apocynum", Flora of China, 16, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=102290
- ↑ "Apocynum", County-level distribution maps from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA) (Biota of North America Program (BONAP)), 2013, http://bonap.net/NAPA/TaxonMaps/Genus/County/Apocynum
- ↑ Xiong, Q; Fan, W; Tezuka, Y; Adnyana, IK; Stampoulis, P; Hattori, M; Namba, T; Kadota, S (2000). "Hepatoprotective effect of Apocynum venetum and its active constituents". Planta Med 66 (2): 127–33. doi:10.1055/s-2000-11135. PMID 10763585.
- ↑ National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Cymarine
- ↑ "Apocynum L.". Royal Botanical Gardens Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:2211-1.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q133242 entry
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