Biology:Arctostaphylos franciscana
| Franciscan manzanita | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Ericaceae |
| Genus: | Arctostaphylos |
| Species: | A. franciscana
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| Binomial name | |
| Arctostaphylos franciscana Eastw.
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| Synonyms | |
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Arctostaphylos franciscana, known by the common name Franciscan manzanita, is a species of manzanita. It was named by Alice Eastwood and is native to the city of San Francisco .[2]
Taxonomy
Franciscan manzanita was formerly considered as a subspecies of Hooker's manzanita until elevated to full species rank following modern genetic analysis and comparisons.[3]
Conservation
When the Laurel Hill Cemetery in San Francisco was bulldozed in 1947, it was thought that the Arctostaphylos franciscana went extinct.[4][5] In 2009, one wild specimen of the shrub was discovered in the Presidio by a local conservationist.[6][7] Less than a month later, Caltrans transplanted this specimen to make way for the Doyle Drive Replacement Project.[8]
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service designated the Franciscan manzanita as an endangered species on October 5, 2012.[9][10][11] The National Park Service and Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy are attempting to cross-pollinate and propagate the preserved specimen in order to reintroduce the subspecies in the wild.[12][13]
References
- ↑ "NatureServe Explorer 2.0". https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.140720.
- ↑ Milius, Susan (5 November 2020). "How passion, luck and sweat saved some of North America's rarest plants". https://www.sciencenews.org/article/plants-endangered-extinct-species-conservation. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
- ↑ Parker, V. Thomas; Vasey, Michael C.; Keeley, Jon E. (2007). "Taxonomic Revisions in the Genus Arctostaphylos (Ericaceae)". Madroño 54 (2): 148–155. doi:10.3120/0024-9637(2007)54[148:TRITGA2.0.CO;2]. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/169007.
- ↑ Fimrite, Peter (2011-09-08). "Feds move to protect one-of-a-kind S.F. bush" (in en-US). https://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Feds-move-to-protect-one-of-a-kind-S-F-bush-2310875.php.
- ↑ Eaton, Joe; Sullivan, Ron (2010-10-10). "Reclaiming Laurel Hill Park for native plants" (in en-US). https://www.sfgate.com/homeandgarden/thedirt/article/Reclaiming-Laurel-Hill-Park-for-native-plants-3250422.php.
- ↑ Ishimaru, H. Protected plant may delay Doyle Drive project. abcnews.com November 18, 2009.
- ↑ Fimrite, P. Manzanita bush's discovery excites scientists. San Francisco Chronicle December 26, 2009.
- ↑ Caltrans. Doyle Drive Transplanting Manzanita Bush. January 23, 2010.
- ↑ La Ganga, Maria (4 September 2012). "Franciscan manzanita added to U.S. endangered list". The Los Angeles Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/lanow/2012/09/federal-protection-for-franciscan-manzanita-plant-once-thought-extinct.html. Retrieved 5 September 2012.
- ↑ "Species profile for Franciscan manzanita". U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp0/profile/speciesProfile?spcode=Q25C. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
- ↑ Fimrite, Peter (2012-09-05). "Rare S.F. bush gets federal protection" (in en-US). https://www.sfgate.com/science/article/Rare-S-F-bush-gets-federal-protection-3839785.php.
- ↑ Gribbon, Sadie (February 15, 2018). "Presidio's 'Loneliest plant in the world' meets its match". San Francisco Examiner. http://www.sfexaminer.com/presidios-loneliest-plant-world-meets-match/. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
- ↑ Renault, Marion (2020-10-16). "How Many Plants Have We Wiped Out? Here Are 5 Extinction Stories" (in en-US). The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/16/science/plants-extinction-north-america.html.
External links
- Conservation: Arctostaphylos hookeri ssp. franciscana
- Jepson Manual Treatment Arctostaphylos franciscana
Wikidata ☰ Q19850874 entry
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