Biology:Astringent (taste)
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Short description: Sixth flavor in Ayurveda
Astringent is a taste that puckers the mouth, numbs the tongue, and constricts the throat. This taste is caused by astringents such as tannins.[1][2] Unlike other tastes astringency is not perceived via taste receptors but is a tactile sensation caused by the aggregation of saliva proteins.[3][4]
The astringent taste is in unripened bananas, unripe persimmons and cashew fruits; and acorns[5] dominantly, which prevents them from being eaten.
Squirrels, wild boars, and insects can eat astringent food as their tongues are able to handle the taste.[5]
In Ayurveda, astringent is the sixth taste (after sweet, sour, salty, pungent, bitter) represented by "air and earth".[6][7]
Smoking may also cause astringent taste.[8]
References
- ↑ Ray, P. K. (2002) (in en). Breeding Tropical and Subtropical Fruits. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540428558. https://books.google.com/books?id=0l2JnsONxlAC. Retrieved 2018-12-08.
- ↑ Joslyn, Maynard (2012-12-02) (in en). Methods in Food Analysis: Applied to Plant Products. Elsevier. ISBN 9780323146814. https://books.google.com/books?id=8b8_f68cyv4C.
- ↑ Breslin, P.A.S.; Gilmore, M.M.; Beauchamp, G.K.; Green, B.G. (1993). "Psychophysical evidence that oral astringency is a tactile sensation". Chemical Senses 18 (4): 405–417. doi:10.1093/chemse/18.4.405. https://academic.oup.com/chemse/article/18/4/405/290466.
- ↑ Bertsch, Pascal; Bergfreund, Jotam; Windhab, Erich J.; Fischer, Peter (August 2021). "Physiological fluid interfaces: Functional microenvironments, drug delivery targets, and first line of defense". Acta Biomaterialia 130: 32–53. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.051. PMID 34077806. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1742706121003615.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Choi, Nak-Eon; Han, Jung H. (2014-12-03) (in en). How Flavor Works: The Science of Taste and Aroma. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118865453. https://books.google.com/books?id=zV64BQAAQBAJ.
- ↑ Desai, Urmila (1990) (in en). The Ayurvedic Cookbook: A Personalized Guide to Good Nutrition and Health. Lotus Press. ISBN 9780914955061. https://books.google.com/books?id=mgQDDWVfG2cC.
- ↑ Lad, Vasant (2002) (in en). Textbook of Ayurveda. Ayurvedic Press. ISBN 9781883725075. https://books.google.com/books?id=hJIeAQAAIAAJ.
- ↑ Allen, Timothy Field (1877) (in en). The Encyclopedia of Pure Materia Medica: A Record of the Positive Effects of Drugs Upon the Healthy Human Organism. Boericke & Tafel. https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.93662.
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