Biology:BBCH-scale (hop)

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In biology, the BBCH-scale for hops describes the phenological development of Humulus lupulus (hops) using the BBCH-scale. The phenological growth stages and BBCH-identification keys of hops are:

Growth stage Code Description
0: Sprouting 00 Dormancy: rootstock without shoots (uncut)
01 Dormancy: rootstock without shoots (cut)
07 Rootstock with shoots (uncut)
08 Beginning of shoot-growth (rootstock cut)
09 Emergence: first shoots emerge at the soil surface
1: Leaf development 11 First pair of leaves unfolded
12 2nd pair of leaves unfolded (beginning of twining)
13 3rd pair of leaves unfolded
1 . Stages continuous till ...
19 9 and more pairs of leaves unfolded
2: Formation of side shoots 21 First pair of side shoots visible
22 2nd pair of side shoots visible
23 3rd pair of side shoots visible
2 . Stages continuous till ...
29 Nine and more pairs of side shoots visible (secondary side shoots occur)
3: Elongation of bines 31 Bines have reached 10% of top wire height
32 Bines have reached 20% of top wire height
33 Bines have reached 30% of top wire height
3 . Stages continuous till ...
38 Plants have reached the top wire
39 End of bine growth
5: Inflorescence emergence 51 Inflorescence buds visible
55 Inflorescence buds enlarged
6: Flowering 61 Beginning of flowering: about 10% of flowers open
62 About 20% of flowers open
63 About 30% of flowers open
64 About 40% of flowers open
65 Full flowering: about 50% of flowers open
66 About 60% of flowers open
67 About 70% of flowers open
68 About 80% of flowers open
69 End of flowering
7: Development of cones 71 Beginning of cone development: 10% of inflorescences are cones
75 Cone development half way: all cones visible, cones soft, stigmas still present
79 Cone development complete: nearly all cones have reached full size
8: Maturity of cones 81 Beginning of maturity: 10% of cones are compact
82 20% of cones are compact
83 30% of cones are compact
84 40% of cones are compact
85 Advanced maturity: 50% of cones are compact
86 60% of cones are compact
87 70% of cones are compact
88 80% of cones are compact
89 Cones ripe for picking: cones closed; lupulin golden; aroma potential fully developed
9: Senescence, entry into dormancy 92 Overripeness: cones yellow-brown discoloured, aroma deterioration
97 Dormancy: leaves and stems dead

References

  • Rossbauer, G.; L. Buhr; H. Hack; S. Hauptmann; R. Klose; U. Meier; R. Staus; E. Weber (1995). Phänologische Entwicklungsstadien von Kultur-Hopfen (Humulus lupulus L.).. pp. 249–253.