Biology:Banksia horrida
| Prickly dryandra | |
|---|---|
| |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Proteales |
| Family: | Proteaceae |
| Genus: | Banksia |
| Subgenus: | Banksia subg. Banksia |
| Series: | Banksia ser. Dryandra |
| Species: | B. horrida
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| Binomial name | |
| Banksia horrida (Meisn.) A.R.Mast & K.R.Thiele[1]
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| Synonyms[1] | |
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Dryandra horrida Meisn. | |
Banksia horrida, commonly known as prickly dryandra,[2] is a species of shrub that is endemic to Western Australia. It has hairy stems, linear, pinnatifid leaves with sharply pointed teeth on the edges, up to sixty cream-coloured flowers in each head and hairy, egg-shaped follicles.
Description
Banksia horrida is a species of shrub that typically grows to a height of 2 m (6 ft 7 in) and has hairy stems. The leaves are narrow linear in outline, 40–140 mm (1.6–5.5 in) long and 5–10 mm (0.20–0.39 in) wide on a petiole up to 15 mm (0.59 in) long. There are between five and twelve sharply pointed, triangular teeth on each side of the leaves. The flowers are arranged in heads of between thirty-five and sixty with densely hairy, linear involucral bracts up to 30 mm (1.2 in) long at the base of the head. The flowers have a yellow perianth 24–32 mm (0.94–1.26 in) long and a cream-coloured pistil 23–31 mm (0.91–1.22 in) long. Flowering occurs from April to June or in August and the follicles are egg-shaped, 11–12 mm (0.43–0.47 in) long and hairy.[2][3]
Taxonomy and naming
This species was first formally described in 1856 by Carl Meissner who gave it the name Dryandra horrida and published the description in de Candolle's Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis from specimens collected by James Drummond in the Swan River Colony.[4][5] The specific epithet (horrida) is a Latin word meaning "shaggy" or "prickly".[6] In 2007 Austin Mast and Kevin Thiele transferred all dryandras to the genus Banksia and renamed this species Banksia hewardiana.[7][8]
Distribution and habitat
Banksia horrida grows in kwongan in scattered locations between Tammin, Corrigin and Narembeen in the Avon Wheatbelt biogeographic region.[2][3]
Conservation status
Banksia horrida is classified as "Priority Three" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife[2] meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.[9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Banksia horrida". Australian Plant Census. https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/205129.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Banksia horrida". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/32516.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 George, Alex S. (1999). Flora of Australia. 17B. Canberra: Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra. p. 332. https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/6d8c5c3b-8545-437e-b9b3-944ac95ee07a/files/flora-australia-17b-proteaceae-3-hakea-dryandra.pdf. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ↑ "Dryandra horrida". APNI. https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/528083.
- ↑ Meissner, Carl; de Candolle, Augustin P. (ed.) (1856). Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Vegetabilis. Paris: Sumptibus Victoris Masson. p. 476. https://bibdigital.rjb.csic.es/viewer/14922/?offset=#page=486&viewer=picture&o=bookmark&n=0&q=. Retrieved 2 May 2020.
- ↑ Francis Aubie Sharr (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and their Meanings. Kardinya, Western Australia: Four Gables Press. p. 219. ISBN 9780958034180.
- ↑ Mast, Austin R.; Thiele, Kevin (2007). "The transfer of Dryandra R.Br. to Banksia L.f. (Proteaceae)". Australian Systematic Botany 20 (1): 63–71. doi:10.1071/SB06016.
- ↑ "Banksia horrida". APNI. https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/614278.
- ↑ "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna". Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants-animals/threatened-species/Listings/Conservation%20code%20definitions.pdf.
- Cavanagh, Tony; Pieroni, Margaret (2006). The Dryandras. Melbourne: Australian Plants Society (SGAP Victoria); Perth: Wildflower Society of Western Australia. ISBN 1-876473-54-1.
Wikidata ☰ Q4856623 entry
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