Biology:Blastoderm
From HandWiki
A blastoderm (germinal disc, blastodisc) is a single layer of embryonic epithelial tissue that makes up the blastula.[1] It encloses the fluid-filled blastocoel. Gastrulation follows blastoderm formation, where the tips of the blastoderm begins the formation of the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.[2]
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Formation
The blastoderm is formed when the oocyte plasma membrane begins cleaving by invagination, creating multiple cells that arrange themselves into an outer sleeve to the blastocoel.[1]
In oviparous animals
In chicken eggs, the blastoderm represents a flat disc after embryonic fertilization.[3] At the edge of the blastoderm is the site of active migration by most cells.[4]
DNA repair genes are highly expressed in chicken blastoderms.[5]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gilbert, Scott F. (2000). "Early Drosophila Development". Developmental Biology (6th ed.). Sunderland MA: Sinauer Associates. NBK10081. ISBN 0-87893-243-7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK10081/.
- ↑ "blastoderm". https://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/blastoderm.
- ↑ "Tutorial on chick early development" (in en). University College London. 27 March 2019. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/biosciences/departments/cdb/people/claudio-stern/stern_lab/tutorial.
- ↑ Bellairs, Ruth; Osmond, Mark (2014). "3. Early Stages". Atlas of Chick Development (3rd ed.). Academic Press. pp. 15–28. ISBN 978-0-12-384952-6. https://books.google.com/books?id=JAjGAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA15.
- ↑ "Chicken blastoderms and primordial germ cells possess a higher expression of DNA repair genes and lower expression of apoptosis genes to preserve their genome stability". Sci Rep 12 (1): 49. January 2022. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-04417-y. PMID 34997179. Bibcode: 2022NatSR..12...49R.
- Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2005). Biology (7th ed.). Pearson Publishing. ISBN 978-0-8053-7171-0.
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