Biology:Boronia capitata
| Cluster boronia | |
|---|---|
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| Boronia capitata near Quairading | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Rutaceae |
| Genus: | Boronia |
| Species: | B. capitata
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| Binomial name | |
| Boronia capitata Benth.[1]
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| Occurrence data from Australasian Virtual Herbarium | |
Boronia capitata, commonly known as the cluster boronia,[2] is a plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a slender, spreading shrub with simple leaves and pink, four-petalled flowers.
Description
Boronia capitata is a slender, spreading shrub that grows to a height of 15–130 cm (6–50 in). It has simple, thick, linear to club-shaped leaves 4–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) long. The flowers are pink and are arranged in clusters on the ends of the branches, each on a pedicel 1–3 mm (0.04–0.1 in) long. The four sepals are broadly elliptic to narrow triangular, and the four petals are broadly elliptic, about 6 mm (0.2 in) long.[2][3][4][5]
Taxonomy and naming
Boronia capitata was first formally described in 1863 by George Bentham and the description was published in Flora Australiensis from a specimen collected by James Drummond.[4][6] The specific epithet (capitata) is a Latin word meaning "having a head".[7]
In 1971, Paul G. Wilson described three subspecies:[8]
- Boronia capitata subsp. capitata has leaves and sepals that are glabrous or fringed with hairs and flowers from September to October;[9]
- Boronia capitata subsp. clavata has thick leaves covered with long, soft hairs, and broadly elliptic sepals fringed with hairs and flowers from April to October;[10]
- Boronia capitata subsp. gracilis slender leaves covered with long, soft hairs and narrow egg-shaped sepals with a hairy fringe and flowers from June to November.[11]
Distribution and habitat
- Subspecies capitata is only currently known from sandplain habitat near Pingelly;[9][12]
- Subspecies clavata grows in heath between Corrigin, Hyden and Kojonup;[10][13]
- Subspecies gracilis grows in winter-wet swamps between Yarloop and Margaret River.[11][14]
Conservation
Subspecies clavata is classified as "not threatened"[13] but subspecies gracilis is classified as "Priority Three" by the Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife[14] meaning that it is poorly known and known from only a few locations but is not under imminent threat.[15] Subspecies capitata is listed as "endangered" under the Australian Government Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999[16] and as "Threatened Flora (Declared Rare Flora — Extant)" by the Department of Environment and Conservation (Western Australia).[12] The main threats to this subspecies are clearing and fragmentation of its habitat.[16]
References
- ↑ "Boronia capitata". Australian Plant Census. https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/59537. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Boronia capitata". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/4407.
- ↑ Duretto, Marco F.; Wilson, Paul G.; Ladiges, Pauline Y.. "Boronia capitata". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Boronia%20capitata. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1863). Flora Australiensis. 1. London: Lovell Reeve and Co.. p. 323. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/3669#page/381/mode/1up. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
- ↑ Corrick, Margaret G.; Fuhrer, Bruce A. (2009). Wildflowers of southern Western Australia (3rd ed.). Dural, N.S.W.: Rosenberg Publishing. p. 190. ISBN 9781877058844.
- ↑ "Boronia capitata". APNI. https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/463976. Retrieved 4 March 2019.
- ↑ Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 399.
- ↑ Wilson, Paul G. (1971). "Taxonomic notes on the family Rutaceae, principally of Western Australia". Nuytsia 1 (2): 202–203. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/223158#page/48/mode/1up. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Duretto, Marco F.; Wilson, Paul G.; Ladiges, Pauline Y.. "Boronia capitata subsp. capitata". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Boronia%20capitata%20subsp.%20capitata. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Duretto, Marco F.; Wilson, Paul G.; Ladiges, Pauline Y.. "Boronia capitata subsp. clavata". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Boronia%20capitata%20subsp.%20clavata. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ↑ 11.0 11.1 Duretto, Marco F.; Wilson, Paul G.; Ladiges, Pauline Y.. "Boronia capitata subsp. gracilis". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Boronia%20capitata%20subsp.%20gracilis. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 "Boronia capitata subsp. capitata". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/14212.
- ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Boronia capitata subsp. clavata". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/11502.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 "Boronia capitata subsp. gracilis". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/11612.
- ↑ "Conservation codes for Western Australian Flora and Fauna". Government of Western Australia Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://www.dpaw.wa.gov.au/images/documents/plants-animals/threatened-species/Listings/Conservation%20code%20definitions.pdf. Retrieved 5 March 2019.
- ↑ 16.0 16.1 "Approved Conservation Advice for Boronia capitata subsp. capitata". Australian Government Department of the Environment. http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species/pubs/29156-conservation-advice.pdf. Retrieved 20 March 2019.
Wikidata ☰ Q15387979 entry
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