Biology:Brachydesmus superus

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Short description: Species of true bug

Brachydesmus superus
Brachydesmus superus, Hartelholz, Múnich, Alemania, 2013-04-15, DD 02.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Myriapoda
Class: Diplopoda
Order: Polydesmida
Family: Polydesmidae
Genus: Brachydesmus
Species:
B. superus
Binomial name
Brachydesmus superus
Latzel, 1884
Synonyms[1]
  • Brachydesmus dux Chamberlin, 1940
  • Brachydesmus gladiolus Williams & Hefner, 1928
  • Brachydesmus insculptus Pocock, 1892
  • Brachydesmus mosellanus Verhoeff, 1891
  • Brachydesmus pallidus Loomis, 1939
  • Brachydesmus peninsulae Attems, 1899
  • Brachydesmus superus superus Latzel, 1884
  • Eubrachydesmus superus (Latzel, 1884)
  • Polydesmus pilidens Koch, 1847
  • Polydesmus superus (Latzel, 1884)
Image of a B. superus millipede, with view of dorsum and gonopod.

Brachydesmus superus, sometimes called the flat millipede,[2][3] is a species of millipede in the family Polydesmidae.[4][5] Its specific name is from the Latin word for "above, upper,"[6] because it lives in the upper soil layer.[7]

Appearance

A light brown or grey flat-backed millipede. Adults are up to 1 cm (0.39 in) long, with 19 segments (including the telson), unlike most other adults in the family Polydesmidae, which usually have 20 segments.[8] Accordingly, adults in this genus have two fewer legs than most polydesmid adults have: Females have only 29 pairs of legs, and males have only 28 pairs of walking legs, excluding one pair of gonopods.[9][10]

Distribution

Native to Europe, also found in New England.[11]

Behaviour

Lives in damp terrestrial habitats.[12] Female lays about 50 eggs in spring or summer in a dome-shaped nest. The first-staged larva has seven segments and three pairs of legs; it moults six times (sometimes seven for males) before reaching adult size.[13]

They are known as a pest in sugar beet fields.[14]

References

  1. ↑ "MilliBase - Brachydesmus superus Latzel, 1884". https://www.millibase.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=949992. 
  2. ↑ Adams, Charles R.; Early, Michael P.; Bamford, Katherine M. (November 8, 2008). Principles of Horticulture. Routledge. ISBN 9780750686945. https://books.google.com/books?id=ONU01uAWsDYC&dq=%22flat+millipede%22+superus&pg=PA227. 
  3. ↑ Adams, Charles; Early, Mike; Brook, Jane; Bamford, Katherine (August 7, 2014). Principles of Horticulture: Level 2. Routledge. ISBN 9781317937777. https://books.google.com/books?id=h449BAAAQBAJ&dq=%22flat+millipede%22+superus&pg=PA246. 
  4. ↑ Stephenson, J. W. (May 1, 1960). "The biology of Brachydesmus Superus (Latz.) Diplopoda". Annals and Magazine of Natural History 3 (29): 311–319. doi:10.1080/00222936008655772. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936008655772. 
  5. ↑ "The Transactions of the Cave Research Group". Cave Research Group. November 8, 1973. https://books.google.com/books?id=oSEpAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Brachydesmus+superus%22. 
  6. ↑ Skeat, Walter William (November 8, 1895). "A Concise Etymological Dictionary of the English Language". Harper & Bros.. https://books.google.com/books?id=8X0ZAAAAYAAJ&dq=superus++upper&pg=PA479. 
  7. ↑ L?kke, Hans; Gestel, Cornelis A. M. van (May 5, 1998). Handbook of Soil Invertebrate Toxicity Tests. Wiley. ISBN 9780471971030. https://books.google.com/books?id=i6PwAAAAMAAJ&q=upper. 
  8. ↑ "Brachydesmus superus Latzel, 1884 | British Myriapod and Isopod Group". https://www.bmig.org.uk/species/brachydesmus-superus#tabs-0-tabs-1. 
  9. ↑ Blower, J. Gordon (1985). Millipedes : keys and notes for the identification of the species. Linnean Society of London, Estuarine and Brackish-water Sciences Association. London: Published for the Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-Water Sciences Association by E.J. Brill. ISBN 90-04-07698-0. OCLC 13439686. https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13439686. 
  10. ↑ Mesibov, Robert. "External Anatomy of Polydesmida: Body plans". https://myriapodology.org/polydesmida/plans.html. 
  11. ↑ "Brachydesmus superus Latzel, 1884". https://www.gbif.org/species/1020944. 
  12. ↑ English, Mary (1976). "New Records of Millipedes from Munster, Ireland". The Irish Naturalists' Journal 18 (12): 341–347. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25537965. 
  13. ↑ Gratwick, M. (December 6, 2012). Crop Pests in the UK: Collected edition of MAFF leaflets. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789401114905. https://books.google.com/books?id=hjzrCAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Brachydesmus+superus%22&pg=PA378. 
  14. ↑ Cooke, D. A.; Scott, J. E. (December 6, 2012). The Sugar Beet Crop. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9789400903739. https://books.google.com/books?id=o27wCAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Brachydesmus+superus%22&pg=PA448. 

Wikidata ☰ Q50407061 entry




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