Biology:Butyrophilin
From HandWiki
Short description: Protein family
| Butyrophilin | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | Butyrophilin |
| Membranome | 14 |
| Butyrophilin, subfamily 1, member A1 | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | BTN1A1 |
| NCBI gene | 696 |
| HGNC | 1135 |
| RefSeq | NP_001723 |
| UniProt | Q13410 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 6 p22.2 |
| Butyrophilin, subfamily 2, member A2 | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | BTN2A2 |
| NCBI gene | 10385 |
| HGNC | 1137 |
| RefSeq | NP_008926 |
| UniProt | Q8WVV5 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 6 p22.2 |
| Butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A1 | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | BTN3A1 |
| NCBI gene | 11119 |
| HGNC | 1138 |
| RefSeq | NP_008979 |
| UniProt | O00481 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 6 p22.2 |
Butyrophilins are membrane proteins belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (Ig).[1][2] Butyrophilin (Btn) genes constitute a subgroup of at least 10 genes in the Ig superfamily identified in human, mouse, cow, goat and other species.[3]
The eponymous Btn gene (BTN1A1 in humans; Btn1a1 in mouse) is highly expressed in the secretory epithelium of the mammary gland during lactation. Other homologues are predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle and the intestine and erythroid cells. In contrast, BTN2A1 and 2 and BTN3A1, 2, and 3 are widely expressed in many tissues, suggesting that the structural domains of Btn proteins may have both universal and tissue-specific functions.
Types include:
- BTN1A1 - Regulates secretion of milk-lipid droplets
- BTN2A2 - Involved in lipid, fatty-acid, and sterol metabolism
- BTN3A1 - Presents phosphoantigens to Gamma delta T cells
References
- ↑ "A review of the molecular and cellular biology of butyrophilin, the major protein of bovine milk fat globule membrane". Journal of Dairy Science 76 (12): 3832–50. 1993. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77726-7. PMID 8132890.
- ↑ "The butyrophilin (BTN) gene family: from milk fat to the regulation of the immune response". Immunogenetics 64 (11): 781–94. 2012. doi:10.1007/s00251-012-0619-z. PMID 23000944.
- ↑ "Expression of butyrophilin (Btn1a1) in lactating mammary gland is essential for the regulated secretion of milk-lipid droplets". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 (27): 10084–9. 2004. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402930101. PMID 15226505. Bibcode: 2004PNAS..10110084O.
 |  |
