Biology:CHODL
 Generic protein structure example |
Chondrolectin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHODL gene.[1][2] Mouse chondrolectin is encoded by Chodl.[3]
Structure
Chondrolectin is a type I membrane protein with a carbohydrate recognition domain characteristic of C-type lectins in its extracellular portion.[1][3] In other proteins, this domain is involved in endocytosis of glycoproteins and exogenous sugar-bearing pathogens.[4] This protein has been shown to localise to the perinucleus.[1][5][6]
Function
The exact function of chondrolectin is unknown but it has been show to be a marker of fast motor neurons in mice,[6] and is involved in motor neuron development and growth in zebrafish (danio rerio).[7] Furthermore, human chondrolectin has been shown to localise to motor neurons within the spinal cord.[8]
Clinical significance
Chondrolectin is alternatively spliced in the spinal cord of mouse models[9] of the neuromuscular disease, spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), which predominantly affects lower motor neurons.[8] Increased levels of chondrolectin in a zebrafish model of SMA results in significant improvements in disease-related motor neuron defects.[10]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Molecular cloning and characterization of human chondrolectin, a novel type I transmembrane protein homologous to C-type lectins". Genomics 80 (1): 62–70. Jun 2002. doi:10.1006/geno.2002.6806. PMID 12079284.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: CHODL chondrolectin". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=140578.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Isolation and characterization of chondrolectin (Chodl), a novel C-type lectin predominantly expressed in muscle cells". Gene 308: 21–29. Apr 2003. doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(03)00425-6. PMID 12711387.
- ↑ "The C-type lectin-like domain superfamily". FEBS J 272 (24): 6179–6217. Dec 2005. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.05031.x. PMID 16336259.
- ↑ "Expression and localization of CHODLDeltaE/CHODLfDeltaE, the soluble isoform of chondrolectin". Cell Biol Int 31 (11): 1323–1330. Nov 2007. doi:10.1016/j.cellbi.2007.05.014. PMID 17606388.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Identification of novel spinal cholinergic genetic subtypes disclose Chodl and Pitx2 as markers for fast motor neurons and partition cells.". J Comp Neurol 518 (12): 2284–2304. Jun 2010. doi:10.1002/cne.22332. PMID 20437528.
- ↑ Zhong, Z.; Ohnmacht, J.; Reimer, M. M.; Bach, I.; Becker, T.; Becker, C. G. (2012). "Chondrolectin Mediates Growth Cone Interactions of Motor Axons with an Intermediate Target". Journal of Neuroscience 32 (13): 4426–4439. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5179-11.2012. PMID 22457492.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 "Alternative splicing events are a late feature of pathology in a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy". PLOS Genet 5 (12): e1000773. Dec 2009. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000773. PMID 20019802.
- ↑ "The contribution of mouse models to understanding the pathogenesis of spinal muscular atrophy". Dis. Models Mech. 4 (4): 457–467. Aug 2011. doi:10.1242/dmm.007245. PMID 21708901.
- ↑ "Chondrolectin affects cell survival and neuronal outgrowth in in vitro and in vivo models of spinal muscular atrophy". Hum Mol Genet 23 (4): 855–69. Sep 2013. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddt477. PMID 24067532.
External links
- Human CHODL genome location and CHODL gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Further reading
- "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. 2004. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. 2003. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMID 12975309.
- "A novel alternative spliced chondrolectin isoform lacking the transmembrane domain is expressed during T cell maturation.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (21): 19164–70. 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M300653200. PMID 12621022.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "From PREDs and open reading frames to cDNA isolation: revisiting the human chromosome 21 transcription map.". Genomics 78 (1–2): 46–54. 2002. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6640. PMID 11707072.
- "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 21.". Nature 405 (6784): 311–9. 2000. doi:10.1038/35012518. PMID 10830953. Bibcode: 2000Natur.405..311H. https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:8796.
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