Biology:CTCFL

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

Transcriptional repressor CTCFL also known as BORIS (Brother of Regulator of Imprinted Sites) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTCFL gene.

Function

CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF), an 11-zinc finger factor involved in gene regulation, utilizes different zinc fingers to bind varying DNA target sites. CTCF forms methylation-sensitive insulators that regulate X-chromosome inactivation. Transcriptional repressor CTCFL (this protein) is a paralog of CTCF and appears to be expressed primarily in the cytoplasm of spermatocytes, unlike CTCF which is expressed primarily in the nucleus of somatic cells. CTCF and CTCFL are normally expressed in a mutually exclusive pattern that correlates with resetting of methylation marks during male germ cell differentiation.

Further reading

• "The novel BORIS + CTCF gene family is uniquely involved in the epigenetics of normal biology and cancer.". Semin. Cancer Biol. 12 (5): 399–414. 2003. doi:10.1016/S1044-579X(02)00060-3. PMID 12191639. 
• "BORIS, a paralogue of the transcription factor, CTCF, is aberrantly expressed in breast tumours.". Br. J. Cancer 98 (3): 571–9. 2008. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604181. PMID 18195709. 
• "DNA methylation-dependent regulation of BORIS/CTCFL expression in ovarian cancer.". Cancer Immun. 7: 21. 2008. PMID 18095639. 
• "Expression of the CTCF-paralogous cancer-testis gene, brother of the regulator of imprinted sites (BORIS), is regulated by three alternative promoters modulated by CpG methylation and by CTCF and p53 transcription factors.". Nucleic Acids Res. 35 (21): 7372–88. 2008. doi:10.1093/nar/gkm896. PMID 17962299. 
• "Expression of BORIS in melanoma: lack of association with MAGE-A1 activation.". Int. J. Cancer 122 (4): 777–84. 2008. doi:10.1002/ijc.23140. PMID 17957795. 
• "Global expression analysis of cancer/testis genes in uterine cancers reveals a high incidence of BORIS expression.". Clin. Cancer Res. 13 (6): 1713–9. 2007. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2569. PMID 17363524. 
• "The potential of BORIS detected in the leukocytes of breast cancer patients as an early marker of tumorigenesis.". Clin. Cancer Res. 12 (20 Pt 1): 5978–86. 2006. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-2731. PMID 17062669. 
• "Epigenetic control of CTCFL/BORIS and OCT4 expression in urogenital malignancies.". Biochem. Pharmacol. 72 (11): 1577–88. 2007. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2006.06.020. PMID 16854382. 
• "Reciprocal binding of CTCF and BORIS to the NY-ESO-1 promoter coincides with derepression of this cancer-testis gene in lung cancer cells.". Cancer Res. 65 (17): 7763–74. 2005. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0823. PMID 16140944. 
• "Phosphopeptide binding specificities of BRCA1 COOH-terminal (BRCT) domains.". J. Biol. Chem. 278 (52): 52914–8. 2004. doi:10.1074/jbc.C300407200. PMID 14578343. 
• "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M. 
• "BORIS, a novel male germ-line-specific protein associated with epigenetic reprogramming events, shares the same 11-zinc-finger domain with CTCF, the insulator protein involved in reading imprinting marks in the soma.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (10): 6806–11. 2002. doi:10.1073/pnas.092123699. PMID 12011441. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...99.6806L. 
• "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20.". Nature 414 (6866): 865–71. 2002. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052. Bibcode: 2001Natur.414..865D. 

External links

• FactorBook CTCFL
• Human CTCFL genome location and CTCFL gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.