Biology:Campephilus

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Short description: Genus of birds

Campephilus
Pale-billed woodpecker001.jpg
Pale-billed woodpecker (Campephilus guatemalensis)
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Aves
Order: Piciformes
Family: Picidae
Tribe: Campephilini
Genus: Campephilus
G.R. Gray, 1840
Type species
Picus principalis[1]
Linnaeus, 1758
Species

see text

Campephilus is a genus of large American woodpeckers in the family Picidae.[2]

Taxonomy

The genus Campephilus was introduced by English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840, with the ivory-billed woodpecker (Campephilus principalis) as the type species.[3] The genus name combines the Ancient Greek kampē meaning "caterpillar" and philos meaning "loving".[4] The genus is placed in the tribe Campephilini in the subfamily Picinae and is sister to a clade containing woodpeckers from Southeast Asia in the genera Chrysocolaptes, Blythipicus, and Reinwardtipicus.[5]

Species

The genus contains 12 species:[6]

Image Common Name Scientific name Distribution
Powerful Woodpecker - Ecuador S4E2767.jpg Powerful woodpecker Campephilus pollens Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela
Crimson-bellied Woodpecker - Nusagandi - Panama (48431722217).jpg Splendid woodpecker Campephilus splendens Panama, western Colombia and northwestern Ecuador
Crimson-bellied woodpecker Campephilus haematogaster Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
Campephilus rubricollis - Red-necked Woodpecker.JPG Red-necked woodpecker Campephilus rubricollis Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela.
A Majestade em seu banho de sol Matinal.jpg Robust woodpecker Campephilus robustus Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.
Crimson-crested Woodpecker (Campephilus melanoleucos) female - Mato Grosso.jpg Crimson-crested woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos Panama south to northern border regions of Argentina, and on Trinidad.
Guayaquil Woodpecker.jpg Guayaquil woodpecker Campephilus gayaquilensis southern Colombia, Ecuador and northern Peru.
Pale-billed woodpecker001.jpg Pale-billed woodpecker Campephilus guatemalensis northern Mexico to western Panama.
Cream-backed Woodpecker (Campephilus leucopogon) (8077580069).jpg Cream-backed woodpecker Campephilus leucopogon Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and far northwestern Uruguay.
Magellanic Woodpecker, male..jpg Magellanic woodpecker Campephilus magellanicus southern Chile and southwestern Argentina
Ivory-billed Woodpecker by Jerry A. Payne.jpg Ivory-billed woodpecker Campephilus principalis – possibly extinct (1987) Southern United States and Cuba.
Kaiserspecht fg02.jpg Imperial woodpecker Campephilus imperialis – probably extinct (1956) Mexico.

A fossil species, C. dalquesti, was described from bones found in Late Pleistocene deposits of Scurry County, Texas.

References

  1. "Picidae". The Trust for Avian Systematics. https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=96. 
  2. Benz, Brett W.; Robbins, Mark B. & Peterson, A. Townsend (2006): Evolutionary history of woodpeckers and allies (Aves: Picidae): Placing key taxa on the phylogenetic tree. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40: 389–399. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.02.021
  3. Gray, George Robert (1840). A List of the Genera of Birds : with an Indication of the Typical Species of Each Genus. London: R. and J.E. Taylor. p. 54. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13668971. 
  4. Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 87. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4. 
  5. Shakya, S.B.; Fuchs, J.; Pons, J.M.; Sheldon, F.H. (2017). "Tapping the woodpecker tree for evolutionary insight". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 116: 182–191. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2017.09.005. PMID 28890006. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319596154. 
  6. Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds (July 2023). "Woodpeckers". IOC World Bird List Version 13.2. International Ornithologists' Union. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/woodpeckers/. 

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q132918 entry