Biology:Cheilininae
The cheiline wrasses or flasherwrasses are saltwater fish of the subfamily Cheilininae, a subgroup of the wrasse family (Labridae).[1] They are distributed throughout the Pacific and Indian Oceans, as well as the Red Sea.[2]
Taxonomy
This group was formerly classified as a tribe, but is now better treated as a subfamily.[1][3] Phylogenetic studies regularly find that the wrasses of the subfamily Cheilininae are most closely related to parrotfish (subfamily Scarinae); cheilines and scarines are sister groups.[2][4]
Although the 4 genera in Cheilininae do form a monophyletic clade with each other, their relationship with each other is somewhat problematic as the genus Cheilinus appears to be paraphyletic.[2]
The relationship of the genus Doratonotus with Cheilininae is uncertain. Initially, based on morphological analyses by Westneat (1993), Cheilininae was considered to be composed of two subgroups, i.e., the "cheiline" wrasses and the "pseudocheiline" wrasses. At the time, the adjective "cheilinin" was used to describe fish in the subfamily Cheilininae. Doratonotus was considered to be the basalmost "cheiline" genus. However, Westneat & Alfaro (2005) showed that "pseudocheilines" and "cheilines" were not each other's closest relatives. As Doratonotus was not included in study, its placement relative to Cheilinini is uncertain.[2][5] Later studies have recovered it in the Pseudolabrinae, where it is now placed.[6] The pseudocheiline wrasses eventually formed the subfamily Cirrhilabrinae, originally proposed as a tribe in 1999, but are still sometimes informally referred to as pseudocheilines despite this.[7][8]
Biology
Cheiline wrasses largely exhibit monandric protogyny. In such cases, this means all individuals are born functionally female, but mature females can change sex and become functionally male. However, some species also exhibit diandric protogyny and functional gonochorism. In diandric protogyny, individuals can be born either female or male, and individuals that are born female can become male. In functional gonochorism, individuals are born functionally either male or female, and remain so for their entire life; there is no sex change.[9]
Genera
Based on Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes:[10]
| Genus | Image |
|---|---|
| Cheilinus | frameless |
| Epibulus | frameless |
| Oxycheilinus | frameless |
| Wetmorella | frameless
W. albofasciata |
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION" (in en). https://www.calacademy.org/eschmeyers-catalog-of-fishes-classification.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Westneat, Mark W.; Alfaro, Michael E. (August 2005). "Phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of the reef fish family Labridae" (in en). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 36 (2): 370–390. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.02.001. PMID 15955516. Bibcode: 2005MolPE..36..370W. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1055790305000400.
- ↑ Brownstein, Chase D.; Harrington, Richard C.; Alencar, Laura R. V.; Bellwood, David R.; Choat, John H.; Rocha, Luiz A.; Wainwright, Peter C.; Tavera, Jose et al. (2025-05-07). "Phylogenomics establishes an Early Miocene reconstruction of reef vertebrate diversity". Science Advances 11 (19). doi:10.1126/sciadv.adu6149. PMID 40333985. Bibcode: 2025SciA...11.6149B.
- ↑ Viviani, Jérémie; LeBlanc, Aaron; Rurua, Vahine; Mou, Teiva; Liao, Vetea; Lecchini, David; Galzin, René; Viriot, Laurent (2022). "Plicidentine in the oral fangs of parrotfish (Scarinae, Labriformes)" (in en). Journal of Anatomy 241 (3): 601–615. doi:10.1111/joa.13673. ISSN 1469-7580. PMID 35506616.
- ↑ Westneat, Mark W (1993-01-01). "Phylogenetic Relationships of the Tribe Cheilinini (Labridae: Perciformes)". Bulletin of Marine Science 52 (1): 351–394. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/umrsmas/bullmar/1993/00000052/00000001/art00013.
- ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Genera in the family Pseudolabrinae". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Pseudolabrinae.
- ↑ Tea, Yi-Kai; Allen, Gerald R.; Goatley, Christopher H. R.; Gill, Anthony C.; Frable, Benjamin W. (2021-11-05). "Redescription of Conniella apterygia Allen and its reassignment in the genus Cirrhilabrus Temminck and Schlegel (Teleostei: Labridae), with comments on cirrhilabrin pelvic morphology". Zootaxa 5061 (3): 493–509. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5061.3.5. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 34810612. https://mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5061.3.5.
- ↑ Hughes, Lily C; Nash, Chloe M; White, William T; Westneat, Mark W (2023-05-01). "Concordance and Discordance in the Phylogenomics of the Wrasses and Parrotfishes (Teleostei: Labridae)". Systematic Biology 72 (3): 530–543. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syac072. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 36331534. https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/72/3/530/6798871.
- ↑ Lowe, Jake R.; Russ, Garry R.; Bucol, Abner A.; Abesamis, Rene A.; Choat, John H. (October 2021). "Geographic variability in the gonadal development and sexual ontogeny of Hemigymnus , Cheilinus and Oxycheilinus wrasses among Indo-Pacific coral reefs" (in en). Journal of Fish Biology 99 (4): 1348–1363. doi:10.1111/jfb.14842. ISSN 0022-1112. PMID 34228351. Bibcode: 2021JFBio..99.1348L. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jfb.14842.
- ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Genera in the family Cheilininae". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Cheilininae.
Wikidata ☰ Q1118147 entry
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