Biology:Cyathea borbonica

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Short description: Species of fern


Cyathea borbonica
Cyathea borbonica.JPG
Cyathea borbonica
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
Division:
Pteridophyta
Class:
Pteridopsida
Order:
Cyatheales
Family:
Cyatheaceae
Genus:
Cyathea
Subgenus:
Cyathea
Species:
C. borbonica
Binomial name
Cyathea borbonica
Desv., 1811

Cyathea borbonica is a tree fern endemic to Mauritius, Réunion and the islands of the south-western Indian Ocean. There are several natural forms and varieties.

Description

Detail of Cyathea borbonica frond, showing the distinctive two-level (bipinnate) division: The main midrib has many smaller leaflets (pinna) branching off it, all along its length. The midrib of each leaflet then bears many smaller leaflets (pinnules) along its length.

It reaches a height of roughly 2 meters, with a dark, hairy, scaly trunk. Its spreading leaves are dark green fronds. Each frond has a relatively small stem (stipe). Each leaf also divides only twice (bipinnate):

  • The central midrib of the frond (rachis) branches into many horizontal leaflets (pinnae).
  • Each pinna midrib bears many small leaflets (pinnules).

Forms and distribution

There are two natural Mauritian varieties, which occur mainly in the upland forest in the higher parts of the island, and are both endangered. There is one natural Reunionese variety:

  • C. borbonica var. borbonica (Réunion).
  • C. borbonica var. latifolia (Mauritius), which bears an umbrella-shaped crown
  • C. borbonica var. sevathiana (Mauritius), which bears a funnel-shaped crown

Related species

In Mauritius, they share the island with several other tree ferns - the naturally occurring Mauritian species Cyathea grangaudiana and Cyathea excelsa - and the alien non-indigenous Cyathea cooperi which is introduced from its native Australia .

In Réunion, they share the island with the naturally occurring Réunionese species Cyathea glauca and Cyathea excelsa - and also with the introduced Cyathea cooperi.[1]

Cyathea borbonica can be distinguished from all of these other species by its small stipe and by its fronds' two-level division.[2]

  • The alien Cyathea cooperi can be distinguished by the red and white hairs on its new fronds.

  • The tripinnate fronds of Cyathea glauca in Réunion.

References

  1. ↑ A revision of the fern family Cyatheaceae in the Mascarene Islands (2006)
  2. ↑ M. Glaubrecht (2010): Evolution in Action: Case studies in Adaptive Radiation, Speciation and the Origin of Biodiversity. Springer Science & Business Media. Science. p.13.

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q3008067 entry




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