Biology:Dawn chorus (birds)
The dawn chorus is the outbreak of birdsong at the start of a new day. In temperate countries this is most noticeable in spring when the birds are either defending a breeding territory, trying to attract a mate or calling in the flock. In a given location it is common for different species to do their dawn singing at different times.
In some territories where bird life is extensive and birds are vocal, the sound of a dawn chorus may make it difficult for humans to sleep in the early morning.[1][2][3]
Timing
In a 2007 study of the Ecuadorian forest, it was determined that birds perching higher in the trees and birds with larger eyes tend to sing first.[4] This may be due to differences in the amount of light perceived by the birds.[4]
Moller used a play-back technique to investigate the effects of singing by the black wheatear (Oenanthe leucura) on the behaviour of both conspecifics and heterospecifics. It was found that singing increased in both groups in response to the wheatear. Moller suggested the dawn (and dusk) chorus of bird song may be augmented by social facilitation due to the singing of conspecifics as well as heterospecifics.[5]
International Dawn Chorus Day
An annual International Dawn Chorus Day is held on the first Sunday in May[6] when the public are encouraged to rise early to listen to bird song at organised events. The first ever was held at Moseley Bog in Birmingham, England, in 1987, organized by the Urban Wildlife Trust (now The Wildlife Trust for Birmingham and the Black Country).
New Zealand
Early explorers and European settlers noted that the New Zealand forest had a loud dawn chorus. This is no longer the case owing to extensive loss of forests, the introduction of bird predators and competing species such as wasps[citation needed]. The bellbird and the tūī are two of the birds that would have formed part of the dawn chorus since they have a vocal and melodious call.
United Kingdom
In the UK the dawn chorus may begin as early as 3am in early summer. The most often heard species of birds are, in order of their beginning to sing:[citation needed]
- Blackbird
- Robin
- Eurasian wren
- Tawny owl
- Chaffinch
- Common pheasant
- Warblers, including blackcap, chiffchaff, garden warbler and willow warbler
- Song thrush
- Greenfinch
- Dunnock
- Goldfinch
United States
The dawn chorus may also be heard in the United States .
See also
- Bird song
- Dawn chorus (electromagnetic)
- Natural sounds
References
- ↑ Carson, Rachel and Freeman, Dorothy (1995) Always, Rachel: the letters of Rachel Carson and Dorothy Freeman, 1952-1964 Beacon Press, Boston, Massachusetts, page 462, ISBN:0-8070-7010-6
- ↑ Gregg, Emma and Trillo, Richard (2003) Rough guide to the Gambia Rough Guides, New York, page 220, ISBN:1-84353-083-X
- ↑ Lowman, Margaret; Burgess, Edward and Burgess, James (2006) It's a jungle up there: more tales from the treetops Yale University Press, New Haven, Connecticut, page 168, ISBN:0-300-10863-X
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Jamieson, Barrie Gillean Molyneux (editor) (2007) Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Birds: Sexual selection, behavior, conservation, embryology, genetics (Part B of Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Birds) Science Publishers, Enfield, New Hampshire, page 183, ISBN:978-1-57808-386-2
- ↑ Moller, A.P., (1992). Interspecific response to playback of bird song. Ethology, 90: 315-320. DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1992.tb00842.x
- ↑ IDCD.info
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