Biology:Deuteropoda

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Short description: Clade of arthropods

Deuteropoda
20210310 Kylinxia zhangi.png
Life restoration of Kylinxia zhangi, a basal deuteropod
Surusicaris reconstruction.png
Life restoration of Surusicaris, a likely basal deuteropod
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
(unranked): Deuteropoda
Ortega-Hernández 2016[1]
Subphyla and classes

Deuteropoda is a proposed clade of arthropods whose members are distinguished from more basal stem-group arthropods like radiodonts by an anatomical reorganization of the head region, namely the appearance of a differentiated first appendage pair (the 'deutocerebral' pair), a multisegmented head, a hypostome/labrum complex, and by bearing pairs of segmented biramous limbs.[1]

The clade contains all living arthropods (i.e. chelicerates and mandibulates) as well as several fossil groups that share these characteristics (e.g. Fuxianhuiida Megacheira, Isoxyida, and Artiopoda), while excluding other fossil groups that are more 'basal' or 'primitive' (e.g. radiodonts, opabiniids and lobopodians).[1][2] Members of Deuteropda that are basal to the last common ancestor of chelicerates and mandibulates (and thus lie outside the crown group of Arthropoda) are often referred to as "upper stem group arthropods".[1]

Defining characteristics

Members of Deuteropoda are characterized by the presence of a differentiated labrum and a differentiated first 'deutocerebral' pair of appendages.[1] In contrast, lobopodians (part of the "lower stem group") and onychophorans have a pair of pre-ocular or 'protocerebral' appendages, which presumably have evolved to be the labrum of modern living arthropods.[2]

Phylogeny

The cladogram below is a possible panarthropod phylogeny, taking into account the differentiation between "lower stem group arthropods" and "upper stem group arthropods", based on cladograms found in Zeng et al. 2020 and O'Flynn at al. 2022.[3][4] (living groups are marked in bold). Not all parts of this cladogram are widely accepted, as some studies have found Isoxyida, Megacheira, Fuxianhuiida, and/or Artiopoda to lie outside of crown group Arthropoda,[5][6] while some other studies have found a closer relationship to Chelicerata than to Mandibulata for Artiopoda.[6]

Panarthropoda
 

Onychophora Velvet worm.png

 
 

Tardigrada SEM image of Milnesium tardigradum in active state - journal.pone.0045682.g001-2 (white background).png

 
 

"Lobopodia" † Paucipodia.jpg 90 px Ovatiovermis restoration.png

 
Arthropoda
 

Siberion † 20191215 Siberion lenaicus.png

 
 

Megadictyon † 80 px

 
 

Jianshanopodia † 20191215 Jianshanopodia decora.png

 
 
 

Kerygmachela † 21091022 Kerygmachela kierkegaardi.png

 
 

Pambdelurion † 20191112 Pambdelurion whittingtoni.png

 
 
 

Opabinia † 20191108 Opabinia regalis.png

 
 
 

Radiodonta † 20210626 Anomalocaris.png 80 px 20191208 Hurdia victoria.png

 
Deuteropoda
 

Kylinxia † 20210310 Kylinxia zhangi.png

 
 

Fengzhengia † Fengzhengia.png

 
 
 
 

ChelicerataNymphon signatum 194389384 (white background).jpg 70 px 60 px

 
 

Megacheira †

 
50 px 80 px 20191025 Fortiforceps foliosa.png
 
 
 

'great appendage' bivalved forms † 

 
 

Isoxyida † Surusicaris reconstruction.png Isoxys volucris.png

 
 
 

Artiopoda † Triarthrus NT edited.png 20200415 Cheloniellon calmani.png

 
 
 

Fuxianhuiida † 20211117 Fuxianhuia protensa.png

 
 

Mandibulata Scolopendra japonica アオズムカデ 大阪府 生駒山産.jpg 70 px Platycheirus angustatus (Syrphidae) - (male imago), Elst (Gld), the Netherlands - 2.jpg

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
total‑group
Script error: No such module "Clade/labels".
 

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Ortega-Hernández, Javier (2016), "Making sense of 'lower' and 'upper' stem-group Euarthropoda, with comments on the strict use of the name Arthropoda von Siebold, 1848", Biol. Rev. 91 (1): 255–273, doi:10.1111/brv.12168, PMID 25528950 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Budd, Graham E. (2021). "The origin and evolution of the euarthropod labrum". Arthropod Structure & Development 62: 101048. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2021.101048. ISSN 1467-8039. PMID 33862532. 
  3. ↑ Zeng, Han; Zhao, Fangchen; Niu, Kecheng; Zhu, Maoyan; Huang, Diying (November 2020), "An early Cambrian euarthropod with radiodont-like raptorial appendages", Nature 588 (7836): 101–105, doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2883-7, PMID 33149303, Bibcode: 2020Natur.588..101Z 
  4. ↑ O’Flynn, Robert; Williams, Mark; Yu, Mengxiao; Harvey, Thomas; Liu, Yu (2022), "A new euarthropod with large frontal appendages from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota", Palaeontologia Electronica 25 (1): a6, doi:10.26879/1167 
  5. ↑ Zhang, Caixia; Liu, Yu; Ortega-Hernández, Javier; Wolfe, Joanna M.; Jin, Changfei; Mai, Huijuan; Hou, Xianguang; Guo, Jin et al. (2023-04-26). "Three-dimensional morphology of the biramous appendages in Isoxys from the early Cambrian of South China, and its implications for early euarthropod evolution" (in en). Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 290 (1997). doi:10.1098/rspb.2023.0335. ISSN 0962-8452. PMID 37072042. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Aria, Cédric (October 2022). "The origin and early evolution of arthropods" (in en). Biological Reviews 97 (5): 1786–1809. doi:10.1111/brv.12864. ISSN 1464-7931. PMID 35475316. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/brv.12864. 

Wikidata ☰ Q112480276 entry



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