Biology:Dirinaria applanata

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Short description: Species of lichen

Dirinaria applanata
Dirinaria applanata 456312.jpg
Scientific classification edit
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Caliciales
Family: Caliciaceae
Genus: Dirinaria
Species:
D. applanata
Binomial name
Dirinaria applanata
(Fée) D.D.Awasthi (1970)
Synonyms[1]
  • Parmelia applanata Fée (1825)
  • Anaptychia applanata (Fée) A.Massal. (1853)
  • Physcia applanata (Fée) Nyl. (1858)
  • Lecanora flavostraminea (Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr. (1928)
  • Placodium flavostramineum Müll.Arg. (1895)
  • Parmelia redacta Stirt. (1900)
  • Dirinaria consimilis var. ochracea D.D.Awasthi (1975)

Dirinaria applanata is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Caliciaceae.[2] It has a wide distribution in tropical and subtropical areas of the world.

Taxonomy

The lichen was formally described as a new species, Parmelia applanata, by Antoine Laurent Apollinaire Fée in 1825.[3] Dharani Dhar Awasthi transferred it to the Dirinaria in 1970.[4]

Chemistry

Chemical analysis of Dirinaria applanata lead to the discovery of nine unique compounds. This includes a novel hopane derivative known as 1β-acetoxy-21α-hopane-3β,22-diol. Alongside this, researchers have identified six phenolic compounds: divaricatinic acid, methyl divaricatinate, methyl-β-orcinolcarboxylate, methyl haematommate, divarinol, and ramalinic acid A. Additionally, two xanthones, namely lichexanthone and 4,5-dichlorolichexanthone, were also isolated.[5]

Species interactions

A fungus newly described in 2023, Cylindromonium dirinariae, was reported as a lichenicolous fungus with Dirinaria applanata as its host. This nectrioid fungus forms a pinkish colony with mainly solitary phialides producing ellipsoid, aseptate conidia in mucoid packets.[6]

References

  1. "GSD Species Synonymy. Current Name: Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi, J. Indian bot. Soc. 49: 135 (1970)". Species Fungorum. https://www.speciesfungorum.org/GSD/GSDspecies.asp?RecordID=341886. 
  2. "Dirinaria applanata (Fée) D.D. Awasthi". Species 2000: Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands. https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/36RLQ. 
  3. Fée, Antoine Laurent Apollinaire (1825) (in fr). Essai sur les cryptogames des écorces exotiques officinales. Paris: Firmin Didot père et fils. p. 126. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/48999682. 
  4. Awasthi, D.D.; Agarwal, M.R. (1970). "An enumeration of lichens from the tropical and subtropical regions of Darjeeling District, India". Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 49: 122–136. 
  5. Nguyen, Trong Tuan (2019). "A new hopane derivative from the lichen Dirinaria applanata". Natural Product Research 35 (7): 1167–1171. doi:10.1080/14786419.2019.1644511. https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/9034052. 
  6. Ohmaki, A.; Okane, I.; Crous, P.W.; Verkley, G.J.M. (2023). "Cylindromonium dirinariae sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Hypocreales), a new nectrioid lichenicolous species on Dirinaria applanata in Japan". Fungal Systematics and Evolution 11: 1–10. doi:10.3114/fuse.2023.11.01. PMID 37469937. 

Wikidata ☰ Q10474020 entry