Biology:Dudleya lanceolata

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Short description: Species of succulent

Lanceleaf liveforever
2015-10-31-14.41.00 ZS PMax Dudleya lanceolata-1 (22652644375).jpg

Vulnerable (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Saxifragales
Family: Crassulaceae
Genus: Dudleya
Species:
D. lanceolata
Binomial name
Dudleya lanceolata
(Nutt.) Britt. & Rose
Synonyms[2]

Dudleya lanceolata is a succulent plant known by the common name lanceleaf liveforever or lance-leaved dudleya. It is an extremely variable and widely ranging species that occurs from Monterey County and Kern County in California south through Ensenada in Baja California. It is characterized by green to purple lanceolate leaves, red, orange, or less commonly yellow petals, and is typically tetraploid. Despite its diversity, it is quite stable as a species, but hybrids may be discovered with other species of Dudleya, which can make it difficult to discern in areas where numerous species converge.[3][4]

Description

Vegetative morphology

A gray-leaved plant growing in rock, in the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area.

This plant is a rosette-forming succulent. The rosettes emerge from the apex of the caudex, which may be solitary or apically branched, with anywhere from 1 to 7 rosettes on top. The caudex is 1 to 3 cm wide, less than 4 cm long, but is occasionally elongated. The rosettes are 3 to 25 cm in diameter, and typically with 10 to 25 leaves. The leaves are green and sometimes glaucous, but not farinose, shaped oblong to lanceolate, 4 to 30 cm long by 0.5 to 4 cm wide, and 1.5 to 6 mm thick. The tip of the leaf is acute.[3][4]

A green-leaved plant
A sand-covered, white-leaved plant at Torrey Pines State Reserve

Reproductive morphology

The peduncle is 15 to 95 cm tall, and is 3 to 12 mm wide. The lower internodes are spaced over 5 mm from each other. There are 18 to 40 bracts, spreading to ascending, and shaped triangular-lanceolate to ovate. The cyme is branched 2 to 3 times, and the next branches may bifurcate. The terminal branches are 2 to 25 cm long, and have 2 to 20 flowers on spreading pedicels. The pedicels are 2 to 12 mm long, becoming erect, and are red or green, and not generally pink. The sepals are 3 to 6 mm large, shaped deltate-ovate. The petals are 10 to 16 mm long, 3.5 to 5 mm wide, shaped elliptic to oblanceolate and fused connately 1 to 2 mm.[3][4] The petals are usually red or orange, and more uncommonly bright yellow to purplish-red, and very rarely green.[5]

  • Flower variety of Dudleya lanceolata

  • Yellow flowers with green sepals

  • Red flowers with pink sepals

  • Orange-red flowers with gray and glaucous sepals

  • Orange-yellow flowers with a Yellow-Faced Bumble Bee (Bombus vosnesenskii) pollinator

  • Yellow flowers, gray sepals, and a pink peduncle. Note the circinate terminal branches with budding flowers

  • Inflorescence with developing buds, showing detail of interior of a single open flower, Davies Alpine House, Kew Gardens

The chromosome number is typically tetraploid, 2n = 68 / n = 34, but some plants are occasionally octoploid.[4] Diploid plants in montane regions are in fact Dudleya cymosa.[5] Flowering is from April to July.[3][4]

Distribution and habitat

This plant is widely distributed, occurring from Monterey County and Kern County in the state of California , through coastal Southern California and into Mexico,[4] where it reaches its southern distribution near Ensenada in Baja California, at the Punta Banda. It is also found on the Coronado Islands.[6] It is not particularly hardy to the cold, and is typically found where humidity is not too low, by the coast and in north-facing inland locations.[5]

Cultivation

Dudleya lanceolata is cultivated as an ornamental plant by specialty nurseries, for use in rock gardens, as a potted plant, and a native plant in natural landscaping.[7]

References

  1. ↑ "Dudleya lanceolata". Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. 2022. https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.159347/Dudleya_lanceolata. 
  2. ↑ "Dudleya lanceolata" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/85597-2. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 McCabe, Stephen W. (2012). "Dudleya lanceolata". Jepson Flora Project (eds.). https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=23661. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Moran, Reid V.. "Dudleya lanceolata". Flora of North America 8: 186. http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=220004487. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Thomson, Paul H. (1993). Dudleya and Hasseanthus Handbook. Bonsall, California: Bonsall Publications. pp. 82–84. ISBN 9780960206650. 
  6. ↑ Rebman, J. P.; Gibson, J.; Rich, K. (2016). "Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Baja California, Mexico". San Diego Society of Natural History 45: 133. http://sdplantatlas.org/pdffiles/BajaChecklist2016.pdf. 
  7. ↑ Las Pilitas horticultural treatment: Dudleya lanceolata . accessed 2.2.2013

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q5312059 entry



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