Biology:Dyslexia-associated protein

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A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

Dyslexia-associated protein KIAA0319 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the KIAA0319 gene.[1][2]

Clinical significance

Variants of the KIAA0319 gene have been associated with developmental dyslexia.[3][4] Reading disability, or dyslexia, is a major social, educational and mental health problem. In spite of average intelligence and adequate educational opportunities, 5 to 10% of school children have substantial reading deficits. Twin and family studies have shown a substantial genetic component to this disorder, with heritable variation estimated at 50 to 70%.[1]

Mutations in the gene also more generally appear to play a key role in specific language impairment (SLI).[5][6]

Function

Over-expression of C-terminally myc-tagged KIAA0319 protein in transiently transfected 293T cells, showing plasma membrane localization. Detection with monoclonal anti-myc 9E10.

The KIAA0319 protein is expressed on the cell membrane and may be involved in neuronal migration. Furthermore, KIAA0319 follows a clathrin-mediated endocytic pathway.[7]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Entrez Gene: KIAA0319 KIAA0319". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=9856. 
  2. "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VII. The complete sequences of 100 new cDNA clones from brain which can code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Research 4 (2): 141–50. April 1997. doi:10.1093/dnares/4.2.141. PMID 9205841. 
  3. "Strong evidence that KIAA0319 on chromosome 6p is a susceptibility gene for developmental dyslexia". American Journal of Human Genetics 76 (4): 581–91. April 2005. doi:10.1086/429131. PMID 15717286. 
  4. "The chromosome 6p22 haplotype associated with dyslexia reduces the expression of KIAA0319, a novel gene involved in neuronal migration". Human Molecular Genetics 15 (10): 1659–66. May 2006. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl089. PMID 16600991. 
  5. "Convergent genetic linkage and associations to language, speech and reading measures in families of probands with Specific Language Impairment". Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders 1 (4): 264–82. December 2009. doi:10.1007/s11689-009-9031-x. PMID 19997522. 
  6. "The human lexinome: genes of language and reading". Journal of Communication Disorders 41 (5): 409–20. 2008. doi:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2008.03.003. PMID 18466916. 
  7. "The dyslexia-associated protein KIAA0319 interacts with adaptor protein 2 and follows the classical clathrin-mediated endocytosis pathway". American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology 297 (1): C160-8. July 2009. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00630.2008. PMID 19419997. 

Further reading

External links