Biology:Ectotympanic
From HandWiki
The ectotympanic, or tympanicum, is a bony structure found in all mammals, located on the tympanic part of the temporal bone, which holds the tympanic membrane (eardrum) in place. In catarrhine primates (including humans), it takes a tube-shape.[1][2] Its position and attachment to the skull vary between primates, and can be either inside or outside the auditory bulla.[3][4]
It is homologous with the angular bone of non-mammalian tetrapods. When the latter is present, it contacts the entotympanic.[5]
References
- ↑ Fricano, Ellen Elise Irwin (2018). "The Primate Ectotympanic Tube: Correlates of Structure, Function, and Development". Johns Hopkins University. https://jscholarship.library.jhu.edu/handle/1774.2/61419.
- ↑ Ankel-Simons, F. (2007). Primate Anatomy (3rd ed.). Academic Press. pp. 435–436. ISBN 0-12-372576-3.
- ↑ Archibald, J.D. (1977). "Ectotympanic bone and internal carotid circulation of eutherians in reference to anthropoid origins". Journal of Human Evolution 6 (7): 609–622. doi:10.1016/S0047-2484(77)80134-6.
- ↑ Sellers, W.I.. "Strepsirhine/Haplorhine Split". http://homepage.mac.com/wis/Personal/lectures/primate-adaptation/04StrepsirhineHaplorhineID.pdf. Retrieved 18 August 2010.
- ↑ Maier, Wolfgang (August 2013). "The entotympanic in late fetal artiodactyla (Mammalia)" (in en). Journal of Morphology 274 (8): 926–939. doi:10.1002/jmor.20149. ISSN 0362-2525. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmor.20149.
External links
- webref: Anthropology
- Hershkovitz P (1974). "The Ectotympanic Bone and Origin of Higher Primates". Folia Primatologica 22 (4): 237–42. doi:10.1159/000155628. PMID 4218574. http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?Aktion=ShowPDF&ArtikelNr=155628&Ausgabe=238881&ProduktNr=223842&filename=155628.pdf.
- Jones FW, Lambert VF (October 1939). "The occurrence of the lemurine form of the ectotympanic in a primitive marsupial". J. Anat. 74 (Pt 1): 72–5. PMID 17104802.
 |  |
