Biology:Epichloë melicicola
| Epichloë melicicola | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Order: | Hypocreales |
| Family: | Clavicipitaceae |
| Genus: | Epichloë |
| Species: | E. melicicola
|
| Binomial name | |
| Epichloë melicicola (C.D.Moon & Schardl) Schardl
| |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Epichloë melicicola is a systemic and seed-transmissible endophyte of Melica dendroides (syn. Melica decumbens Thunb.) and Melica racemosa, grasses endemic to southern Africa. It was described as a Neotyphodium species in 2002[1] but transferred to the genus Epichloë in 2014.[2]
The two host plant species are locally called "dronkgras" because they can cause staggers in grazing livestock.[3] Similar staggers symptoms are associated with several other grasses worldwide when they possess certain symbiotic Neotyphodium species that produce indole-diterpene alkaloids such as lolitrems.[4]
Molecular phylogenetic analysis indicates that E. melicicola is an interspecific hybrid, and that its closest relatives are the teleomorphic (sexual) species, Epichloë festucae, and the anamorphic (asexual) species, Epichloë aotearoae.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "The evolutionary origins of three new Neotyphodium endophyte species from grasses indigenous to the Southern Hemisphere". Mycologia (Mycological Society of America) 94 (4): 694–711. 2002. doi:10.2307/3761720. PMID 21156542.
- ↑ Leuchtmann, A.; Bacon, C. W.; Schardl, C. L.; White, J. F.; Tadych, M. (2014). "Nomenclatural realignment of Neotyphodium species with genus Epichloë". Mycologia 106 (2): 202–215. doi:10.3852/13-251. ISSN 0027-5514. PMID 24459125. http://www.epa.govt.nz/search-databases/HSNO%20Application%20Register%20Documents/APP201774_Leuchtmann%20et%20al%202014.pdf. Retrieved 2016-02-28.
- ↑ "The genus Melica L. (Poaceae) in Southern Africa". Bothalia 14 (1): 37–44. 1982. doi:10.4102/abc.v14i1.1133. https://abcjournal.org/index.php/abc/article/download/1133/1081.
- ↑ "Tremorgenic neurotoxins from perennial ryegrass causing ryegrass staggers disorder of livestock: structure elucidation of lolitrem B". Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications 1984 (9): 614–616. 1984. doi:10.1039/c39840000614.
Wikidata ☰ Q6994288 entry
 |  |
