Biology:Euphorbia condylocarpa

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Short description: Species of flowering plant

Euphorbia condylocarpa
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species:
E. condylocarpa
Binomial name
Euphorbia condylocarpa
M.Bieb.[1]

Euphorbia condylocarpa is a plant species in the genus Euphorbia.

Description

Medium (10–35 cm) hairless perennial, leaves strongly eared at the base, obtuse to subacute at the tip, margins serrate or toothless, stalks 0 or short. The capsules are relatively large (4-5.5(6) mm) rather spherical with low wide warts on the three lobes. Seeds 3-3.5 mm, smooth, dark brown, with yellowish 0.5 mm appendage. Mar-Jun (Turkey) Apr-May (Iran). The eastern forms have rather dense heads of flowers and more discernably-toothed leaves, but the Turkish forms are more open and effusely flowered with obscure leaf teeth and were originally distinguished as E. cardiophylla Boiss. & Heldr. but now merged into E. condylocarpa. ([2] mostly, and [3] &.[4])

Similar species include E. apios (leaves uneared), E. dimorphocaulon (flowering stems autumn, c. leafless, vegetative stems spring), E. platyphyllos (annual to 1m, often hairy, fruit 2.5–3 mm).[3]

Habitat

Turkey: Open Pinus forest, Abies cilicica forest, Quercus scrub, rocky slopes, screes, steppe, field margins, 20–2100 m.[3]

Iran: Mountain slopes, oak forests, meadows, rocky slopes and steppe forests on limestone, at 1500–2500 m.[2]

Range

Iran, Iraq, North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Turkey (PoWo Map).

Phytochemistry

The plant contains the flavonol trifolin.[5]

See also

References

  1. Euphorbia condylocarpa on eol.org
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Synopsis of Euphorbia subgen. Esula sect. Helioscopia (Euphorbiaceae) in Iran with the description of Euphorbia mazandaranica sp. nov.". https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/169155/1/Synopsis%20of%20Euphorbia%20subgen.%20Esula.pdf. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Davis. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, vol. 7. 
  4. E. Boissier. Diagnoses Plantarum Orientalium Novarum no. 12, p. 107. 
  5. Trifolin from Euphorbia condylocarpa. Yu. V. Roshchin, Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Volume 13, Number 4, pages 481-482, doi:10.1007/BF00565849

Wikidata ☰ Q5410404 entry