Biology:GNRH2
From HandWiki
Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Progonadoliberin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GNRH2 gene.[1][2][3]
The protein encoded by this gene is a preproprotein that is cleaved to form a secreted 10 aa peptide hormone, QHWSHGWYPG.[4] The secreted decapeptide regulates reproduction in females by stimulating the secretion of both luteinizing- and follicle-stimulating hormones. Three transcript variants that encode unique proproteins but the same peptide hormone have been found for this gene.[3] The peptide belongs to gonadotropin-releasing hormone family.
References
- ↑ "Second gene for gonadotropin-releasing hormone in humans". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 (1): 305–9. Feb 1998. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.1.305. PMID 9419371. Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95..305W.
- ↑ "The neuropeptides GnRH-II and GnRH-I are produced by human T cells and trigger laminin receptor gene expression, adhesion, chemotaxis and homing to specific organs". Nat Med 8 (12): 1421–6. Nov 2002. doi:10.1038/nm801. PMID 12447356.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: GNRH2 gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2797.
- ↑ "GNRH2 - Progonadoliberin-2 precursor - Homo sapiens (Human) - GNRH2 gene & protein". https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/O43555.
Further reading
- Neill JD (2002). "GnRH and GnRH receptor genes in the human genome". Endocrinology 143 (3): 737–43. doi:10.1210/endo.143.3.8705. PMID 11861490.
- "Multi-factorial role of GnRH-I and GnRH-II in the human ovary". Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 202 (1–2): 145–53. 2004. doi:10.1016/S0303-7207(03)00076-5. PMID 12770744.
- "The biology of gonadotropin hormone-releasing hormone: role in the control of tumor growth and progression in humans". Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology 24 (4): 279–95. 2004. doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2003.10.003. PMID 14726258.
- "Immunohistochemical detection of proluteinizing hormone-releasing hormone peptides in neurons in the human hypothalamus". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74 (1): 135–8. 1992. doi:10.1210/jcem.74.1.1727812. PMID 1727812.
- "Transcriptional regulation of the human GnRH II gene is mediated by a putative cAMP response element". Endocrinology 142 (8): 3483–92. 2001. doi:10.1210/endo.142.8.8302. PMID 11459794.
- "The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20". Nature 414 (6866): 865–71. 2002. doi:10.1038/414865a. PMID 11780052. Bibcode: 2001Natur.414..865D.
- "Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone II (GnRH-II) receptor in human endometrial and ovarian cancer cells and effects of GnRH-II on tumor cell proliferation". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87 (3): 1427–30. 2002. doi:10.1210/jcem.87.3.8437. PMID 11889221.
- "The transcription of the hGnRH-I and hGnRH-II genes in human neuronal cells is differentially regulated by estrogen". J. Mol. Neurosci. 18 (1–2): 67–76. 2002. doi:10.1385/JMN:18:1-2:65. PMID 11931351.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932. Bibcode: 2002PNAS...9916899M.
- "Functional cooperation between multiple regulatory elements in the untranslated exon 1 stimulates the basal transcription of the human GnRH-II gene". Mol. Endocrinol. 17 (7): 1175–91. 2004. doi:10.1210/me.2002-0418. PMID 12663744.
- "Possible interactions between leptin, gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH-I and II) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG)". Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 110 (2): 169–75. 2004. doi:10.1016/S0301-2115(03)00185-4. PMID 12969578.
- "Cellular localization of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) I and GnRH II in first-trimester human placenta and decidua". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89 (3): 1459–66. 2004. doi:10.1210/jc.2003-031636. PMID 15001648.
- "The Status, Quality, and Expansion of the NIH Full-Length cDNA Project: The Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "Differential role of progesterone receptor isoforms in the transcriptional regulation of human gonadotropin-releasing hormone I (GnRH I) receptor, GnRH I, and GnRH II". J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 90 (2): 1106–13. 2005. doi:10.1210/jc.2004-0318. PMID 15562029.
- "Expression of gonadotropin-releasing hormone type-I (GnRH-I) and type-II (GnRH-II) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMBCs) and regulation of B-lymphoblastoid cell proliferation by GnRH-I and GnRH-II". Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabetes 112 (10): 587–94. 2005. doi:10.1055/s-2004-830404. PMID 15578334.
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