Biology:Gintarasiella
| Gintarasiella | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: | Fungi |
| Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: | Ascomycota |
| Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: | Teloschistales |
| Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: | Teloschistaceae |
| Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: | Gintarasiella S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2017) |
| Script error: No such module "Taxobox ranks".: | <div style="display:inline" class="script error: no such module "taxobox ranks".">G. aggregata |
| Binomial name | |
| Gintarasiella aggregata (Kantvilas & S.Y.Kondr.) S.Y.Kondr. & Hur (2017)
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| <mapframe zoom="4" frameless="1" align="center" longitude="138.11666666667" latitude="-35.85" height="200" width="270">{"type":"Feature","geometry":{"coordinates":[138.11666666666667,-35.85],"type":"Point"},"properties":{"title":"Gintarasiella","marker-color":"#5E74F3"}}</mapframe> | |
| Holotype: Windmill Bay, Kangaroo Island[1] | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Gintarasiella is a single-species genus in the fungal family Teloschistaceae.[3] It contains the species Gintarasiella aggregata, a saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen that is found in Australia. The lichen forms uneven, pillow-like patches up to 30 mm across, distinguished by its yellow-orange [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] that are tightly packed or spread out and soon covered by many apothecia. These fruiting bodies start as [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] in form (with a [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]]) and later become [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] (lacking a thalline margin), ranging from 0.3 to 1 mm wide and often appearing distorted due to their dense clustering.
Taxonomy
The lichen was first formally described as new to science in 2016 by the lichenologists Gintaras Kantvilas and Sergey Kondratyuk; they classified it in the genus Caloplaca. The type specimen was collected in September, 2012, by the first author from South Australia, specifically at Windmill Bay on Kangaroo Island. This specimen was found growing on outcropping limestone situated within a coastal pasture. The species epithet refers to the tight clustering of the apothecia (fruiting bodies) on the thallus.[1] In 2017, Kondratyuk transferred the taxon to the newly proposed genus Gintarasiella. The genus name honours Kantvilas, "in acknowledgement of his enormous contributions to the taxonomy of the Tasmanian and Australian lichens".[4]
Based on molecular phylogenetics analyses, both independent and combined, Gintarasiella was placed within the subfamily Teloschistoideae of the family Teloschistaceae. Within this subfamily, it establishes a distinct and robust branch in the clade containing Sirenophila-Teloschistopsis-Halophila, positioning itself as the most distinct outgroup to this particular subgroup.[4] Kondratyuk's reclassification of the species was not followed in a later paper by Kantvilas.[5]
Description
The genus Gintarasiella is distinguished within the subfamily Teloschistoideae by its cushion-like form, apothecia (fruiting bodies) densely packed to the extent they almost hide the thallus, and both the hymenium and [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] being densely filled with [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], along with relatively small [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]].[4]
Gintarasiella aggregata is a crustose lichen that forms irregular, cushion-like patches up to 30 mm wide, characterised by [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] that are yellow-orange and range from 0.2 to 0.5 mm wide. The areoles are either scattered or contiguous, quickly becoming covered by numerous apothecia (fruiting bodies), which are initially [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] but become more [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] as they mature. The apothecia, measuring 0.3 to 1 mm in diameter, are tightly clustered and range in shape from round to distorted-rhomboid due to crowding. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] of the apothecia is a deeper orange than the thallus, [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]], and [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] (without a powdery coating).[1]
The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] of the apothecia is glossy and similar in colour to the disc, becoming less noticeable in older specimens. The [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] is hyaline (translucent) and heavily [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] with oil droplets, while the hymenium, also hyaline, contains oil droplets and a band of golden-yellow crystals. Paraphyses in the hymenium are slender and sparsely branched, widening at the tips. The asci contain eight spores, with the [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] being [[Glossary of lichen terms#{{biology:{1}}}|{{Biology:{1}}}]] and ellipsoid. No pycnidia (asexual reproductive structures) have been found in this species.[1]
Similar species
Dijigiella subaggregata closely resembles Gintarasiella aggregata, yet it is distinguishable by several key features. It has a thinner thallus and smaller, flatter apothecia. Unlike G. aggregata, the hymenium and subhymenium of D. subaggregata lack oil droplets. Additionally, its ascospores are smaller with wider septa. Another significant difference is its corticolous habit, growing on bark, as opposed to G. aggregata, which grows on rocks.[4]
Habitat and distribution
Gintarasiella aggregata is known to occur only at the type locality on Kangaroo Island. Other lichen species it often associates with include Buellia albula, B. xantholeuca, Caloplaca johnwhinrayi, Cerothallia yorkensis, Flavoplaca kantvilasii, F. mereschkowskiana, and Lecania turicensis.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Kantvilas, Gintaras (2016). "A synopsis and key for the lichen genus Caloplaca (Teloschistaceae) on Kangaroo Island, with the description of two new species". Journal of the Adelaide Botanic Gardens 29: 53–69. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307475571.
- ↑ "Synonymy. Current Name: Gintarasiella aggregata (Kantvilas & S.Y. Kondr.) S.Y. Kondr. & Hur, in Kondratyuk, Lőkös, Upreti, Nayaka, Mishra, Ravera, Jeong, Jang, Park & Hur, Acta bot. hung. 59(1-2): 121 (2017)". Species Fungorum. https://www.speciesfungorum.org/Names/SynSpecies.asp?RecordID=819697.
- ↑ Script error: No such module "Cite taxon".
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Kondratyuk, S.Y.; Lőkös, L.; Upreti, D.K.; Nayaka, S.; Mishra, G.K.; Ravera, S.; Jeong, M.-H.; Jang, S.-H. et al. (2017). "New monophyletic branches of the Teloschistaceae (lichen-forming Ascomycota) proved by three gene phylogeny". Acta Botanica Hungarica 59 (1–2): 71–136. doi:10.1556/034.59.2017.1-2.6.
- ↑ Kantvilas, Gintaras (2019). "An annotated catalogue of the lichens of Kangaroo Island, South Australia". Swainsona 32: 1–97 [21]. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336797296.
Wikidata ☰ Q43868919 entry
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