Biology:Grevillea nematophylla

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Short description: Species of shrub in the family Proteaceae endemic to New South Wales, Australia

Grevillea nematophylla
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Proteales
Family: Proteaceae
Genus: Grevillea
Species:
G. nematophylla
Binomial name
Grevillea nematophylla
F.Muell.[1]

Grevillea nematophylla, commonly known as water bush or silver-leaved water bush,[2] is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to Australia. It is shrub or small tree with simple or pinnatisect leaves, the leaves or lobes linear, and branched, cylindrical clusters of cream-coloured flowers.

Description

Grevillea nematophylla is a shrub or tree that typically grows to a height of 1–8 m (3 ft 3 in–26 ft 3 in) and has rough bark on its main stem but smooth branchlets. Its leaves are linear, 40–300 mm (1.6–11.8 in) long, sometimes pinnatisect with 3 to 10 linear lobes, the leaves or lobes 0.5–1.5 mm (0.020–0.059 in) wide. The flowers are arranged in branched clusters, each cluster cylindrical and 60–140 mm (2.4–5.5 in) long, and are cream-coloured, the pistil 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long. Flowering occurs in November and December, and the fruit is a glabrous follicle 13–24 mm (0.51–0.94 in) long with a rough surface.[2][3]

Taxonomy

Grevillea nematophylla was first formally described in 1859 by Ferdinand von Mueller in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae from specimens collected by John Dallachy near the Murchison River.[4][5] The specific epithet (nematophylla) means "thread-like leaved".[6]

In 2000, Robert Owen Makinson described three subspecies of G. nematophylla in the Flora of Australia, and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:

  • Grevillea nematophylla Makinson subsp. nematophylla[7] (the autonym) has flowers with the pistils 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long.[2][8]
  • Grevillea nematophylla subsp. planicostaMakinson[9] differs from the autonym in having leaves and lobes that are T-shaped in cross-section, the flowers with the pistils 7–9 mm (0.28–0.35 in) long.[10][11]
  • Grevillea nematophylla C.A.Gardner subsp. supraplana[12] has leaves that are three-quarters round in cross-section, the upper surface concave, and the pistils 5–5 mm (0.20–0.20 in) long.[13][14]

Distribution and habitat

Subspecies nematophylla grows along drainage lines and near soaks in the Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Great Victoria Desert, Murchison and Yalgoo bioregions of south-western Western Australia,[2][8] in inland South Australia[15] and southern parts of the Northern Territory.[16] It was previously known from western New South Wales, but is now assumed to be extinct in that state.[17]

Subspecies planicosta occurs in southern inland Western Australia from near Balladonia to the ranges north of Kalgoorlie and north-east of Laverton in the Coolgardie, Great Victoria Desert, Murchison, Nullarbor bioregions.[10][11]

Subspecies supraplana is found from Meekatharra and Yalgoo to near Rawlinna in the Avon Wheatbelt, Great Victoria Desert, Murchison, Nullarbor and Yalgoo bioregions, and on the Nullarbor Plain in South Australia.[13][14]

Conservation status

All three subspecies of G. nematophylla are listed as "not threatened", by the Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.[8][11][14] The species is listed as "extinct" in New South Wales under the New South Wales Government Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016.[18]

References

  1. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla". Australian Plant Census. https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/96125. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Grevillea nematophylla". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Grevillea%20nematophylla%20subsp.%20nematophylla. 
  3. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/2047. 
  4. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla". APNI. https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/520508. 
  5. ↑ von Mueller, Ferdinand (1859). Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. 1. Melbourne: Victorian Government Printer. p. 136. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/7218#page/143/mode/1up. Retrieved 21 July 2022. 
  6. ↑ Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 259. ISBN 9780958034180. 
  7. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. nematophylla". Australian Plant Census. https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/156774. 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. nematophylla". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/19541. 
  9. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. planicosta". Australian Plant Census. https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/96083. 
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. planicosta". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Grevillea%20nematophylla%20subsp.%20planicosta. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. planicosta". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/19543. 
  12. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. supraplana". Australian Plant Census. https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/164197. 
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. supraplana". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Grevillea%20nematophylla%20subsp.%20supraplana. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. supraplana". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife. https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/19542. 
  15. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla". State herbarium of South Australia. http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Grevillea_nematophylla. 
  16. ↑ "Grevillea nematophylla subsp. nematophylla". Northern Territory Government. http://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=22244. 
  17. ↑ Makinson, Robert O.. "Grevillea nematophylla". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Grevillea~nematophylla. 
  18. ↑ "Silver-leaved Water Tree - profile". New South Wales Government Office of Environment and Heritage. https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/threatenedspeciesapp/profile.aspx?id=20229. 

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