Biology:Haplogroup D-Z27276

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Haplogroup D-Z27276
Possible time of origin30,000-40,000YBP[1]
Possible place of originEast Asia
Ancestor（Grandparent）D
DescendantsD-M15, D-P99
Defining mutationsZ27276, Z27283, Z29263
Highest frequenciesTibetans
Likely migration route of haplogroup D according to Haber et al. 2019
Migration route of haplogroup D

Haplogroup D-Z27276 also known as Haplogroup D1a1 is a Y-chromosome haplogroup. It is one of two branches of Haplogroup D1, one of the descendants of Haplogroup D. The other is D-M55 which is only found in Japan .

This group is found in about 46.6% Tibetan people.[2] It branched off D-M55 35,000-40,000 years before present or already 53,000 years before present.[1][3]

One sample of a subgroup of D-Z27276 was also found among ancient samples of the Koban culture between Russia and Georgia.[4]

Phylogenetic tree

By ISOGG tree（Version: 14.151）.[5]

  • DE (YAP)
    • D (CTS3946)
      • D1 (M174/Page30, IMS-JST021355, Haplogroup D-M174)
        • D1a (CTS11577)　
          • D1a1 (F6251/Z27276)
            • D1a1a (M15)　Tibet, Altai Republic, Mainland China
              • D1a1a (F849)
                • D1a1a1 (N1)
                  • D1a1a1a (Z27269)
                    • D1a1a1a1 (PH4979)
                      • D1a1a1a1a2 (F729)
                        • D1a1a1a1a2a (F17412)
                          • D-F17412* Tibetan (Chamdo[6]), Taiwan[6]
                          • D-MF10280 Sichuan,[6] Japan (Osaka)[6]
                        • D1a1a1a1a2b (Y62194)
                          • D1a1a1a1a2b1 (F17409) Tibetan (Chamdo[6]), Sichuan[6]
                          • D1a1a1a1a2b2 (Y62517)
                            • D1a1a1a1a2b2a (F16077) Tibetan (Shigatse,[6] Shannan,[6] Lhasa[6])
                            • D1a1a1a1a2b2b (Y69263)
                              • D1a1a1a1a2b2b1 (Y161914) Tibetan (Chamdo[6]), Zhejiang[6]
                              • D1a1a1a1a2b2b2 (Y61759) Uzbekistan[6]
                    • D1a1a1a2 (Z31591) Tibetan (Shigatse,[6] Lhasa[6])
                • D1a1a2 (F1070) Guangdong,[6] Xishuangbanna (Dai)[6]
            • D1a1b (P99)　Tibet, Mongol, Central Asia, Altai Republic, Mainland China
          • D1a2 (Z3660)
            • D1a2a (M64.1/Page44.1, M55) 　 Japan （Yamato people、Ryukyuan people、Ainu people）
            • D1a2b (Y34637)　Andaman Islands（Onge people, Jarawa people）[7][6]
        • D1b (L1378) 　 Philippines [8]
      • D2 (A5580.2) 　Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, African Americans in the United States , Syria[9][10]


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shi, Hong; Zhong, Hua; Peng, Yi; Dong, Yong-li; Qi, Xue-bin; Zhang, Feng; Liu, Lu-Fang; Tan, Si-jie et al. (October 29, 2008). "Y chromosome evidence of earliest modern human settlement in East Asia and multiple origins of Tibetan and Japanese populations". BMC Biology (BioMed Central) 6: 45. doi:10.1186/1741-7007-6-45. PMID 18959782.  open access
  2. ↑ Michael F Hammer; Tatiana M Karafet; Hwayong Park; Keiichi Omoto; Shinji Harihara; Mark Stoneking; Satoshi Horai (2006). "Dual origins of the Japanese: common ground for hunter-gatherer and farmer Y chromosomes". Journal of Human Genetics 51 (1): 47–58. doi:10.1007/s10038-005-0322-0. PMID 16328082. 
  3. ↑ Mondal, Mayukh & Bergström, Anders & Xue, Yali & Calafell, Francesc & Laayouni, Hafid & Casals, Ferran & Majumder, Partha & Tyler-Smith, Chris & Bertranpetit, Jaume. (2017). Y-chromosomal sequences of diverse Indian populations and the ancestry of the Andamanese. Human Genetics. 136. 10.1007/s00439-017-1800-0.
  4. ↑ Boulygina, Eugenia; Tsygankova, Svetlana; Sharko, Fedor; Slobodova, Natalia; Gruzdeva, Natalia; Rastorguev, Sergey; Belinsky, Andrej; Härke, Heinrich et al. (2020-06-01). "Mitochondrial and Y-chromosome diversity of the prehistoric Koban culture of the North Caucasus" (in en). Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 31: 102357. doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2020.102357. ISSN 2352-409X. Bibcode: 2020JArSR..31j2357B. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X20301486. 
  5. ↑ "2019-2020 Haplogroup D Tree". https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1QBUFZl03X92qNN61lQ8VtIKwbBMeuBzvqXQ47IQPBps/edit#gid=437997455. 
  6. ↑ 6.00 6.01 6.02 6.03 6.04 6.05 6.06 6.07 6.08 6.09 6.10 6.11 6.12 6.13 6.14 6.15 6.16 "D YTree". https://www.yfull.com/tree/D/. 
  7. ↑ "Genetic affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a vanishing human population". Current Biology 13 (2): 86–93. January 2003. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(02)01336-2. PMID 12546781. 
  8. ↑ Y-DNA Haplogroup D and its Subclades - 2014
  9. ↑ Tyler-Smith, Chris; Xue, Yali; Thomas, Mark G.; Yang, Huanming; Arciero, Elena; Asan; Connell, Bruce A.; Jones, Abigail L. et al. (2019-06-13). "A Rare Deep-Rooting D0 African Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup and Its Implications for the Expansion of Modern Humans out of Africa" (in en). Genetics 212 (4): 1421–1428. doi:10.1534/genetics.119.302368. ISSN 0016-6731. PMID 31196864. PMC 6707464. https://www.genetics.org/content/early/2019/06/13/genetics.119.302368. 
  10. ↑ Estes, Roberta (2019-06-21). "Exciting New Y DNA Haplogroup D Discoveries!" (in en-US). https://dna-explained.com/2019/06/21/exciting-new-y-dna-haplogroup-d-discoveries/. 




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