Biology:Loricariinae
Loricariinae is a subfamily of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Loricariidae, the armored suckermouth catfishes.[1] This subfamily is divided into two tribes and about 30 genera.[2] They are mainly native to freshwater habitats in South America, but there are also several species (in genera Crossoloricaria, Dasyloricaria, Rineloricaria, Spatuloricaria, Sturisoma and Sturisomatichthys) in Panama and a single (Rineloricaria) in Costa Rica.[3]
Taxonomy
Loricariinae was first proposed in 1831 by Charles Lucien Bonaparte.[4][5] Later, in 1979, many genera were described and Loricariinae was divided into four tribes by some authorities: Loricariini, Harttiini, Farlowellini, and Acestridiini. Eventually, the genera of Acestridiini was included under Hypoptopomatinae and genera of Farlowellini was reclassified into Hartiini.[2] This subfamily has been found to be monophyletic.[2] The most recent papers conclude that there are 30 or 31 genera; the status of Cteniloricaria is dubious; although recognized as a synonym of Harttia by some, this conclusion was reached without diagnosing the type species of Cteniloricaria.[2] Loricariinae is the type subfamily of the family Loricariidae and the suborder Loricarioidei within the catfish order, Siluriformes.[6]
Description
As loricariids, loricariinae species are characterized by a depressed body covered by bony plates, a unique pair of maxillary barbels, and modification of the mouth into a suckermouth.[2] Members of the subfamily Loricariinae show a greater diversity of lip structures and shapes than other loricariids.[7] Loricariines are characterized by a long and depressed caudal peduncle (rectangular cross-section) and by the absence of an adipose fin.[2][4] They also show dramatic variation in body shape, lip morphology and dentition. The sexual dimorphism is often pronounced and is expressed through the hypertrophy of odontodes on the pectoral fin rays, on the snout margin, and sometimes on the predorsal area of mature males. Certain genera also show sexual differences in lip and tooth structures.[2]
The Harttiini are characterized by numerous and pedunculated teeth, a caudal fin with more branched rays, the absence of postorbital notches and predorsal keels, a rounded mouth, papillose lips weakly or not fringed, and short maxillary barbels.[2] The Loricariini are characterized by a more important variation in lips and teeth shape, the frequent presence of postorbital notches and predorsal keels, longer maxillary barbels, and less numerous teeth and branched rays in the caudal fin.[2]
Genera
Loricariinae contains the following genera:[8]
- Limatulichthys Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979
- Isbrücker 1971 Cheilonimata
- Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1978 Provenzano, 2023
- Crossoloricaria Isbrücker, 1979
- Cteniloricaria Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979
- Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 Martín Salazar, Isbrücker & Nijssen 1982
- C. H. Eigenmann & R. S. Eigenmann, 1889 Rodriguez, Ortega & Covain, 2011
- Steindachner, 1877 Bleeker, 1862
- Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979 Bleeker, 1862
- Isbrücker, 2001 Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1984
- Bleeker, 1862 Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1979
- Sturisomatichthys Metaloricaria
- Pseudohemiodon Reganella
- Spatuloricaria Furcodontichthys
- Harttiella Lamontichthys
- Loricaria Isbrücker, 1975
- Bleeker, 1862 C. H. Eigenmann, 1905
- Schultz, 1944 Rhadinoloricaria
- Sturisoma Rineloricaria
- Paraloricaria Dasyloricaria
- Dentectus Farlowella
- Fonchiiloricaria Rapp Py-Daniel, 1981
- Boeseman, 1971 P. Miranda Ribeiro, 1939
- Linnaeus, 1758 Isbrücker, 1979
- Bleeker, 1862 Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1974
- Swainson, 1838 Pyxiloricaria
- Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1978 Proloricaria
- Pseudoloricaria Planiloricaria
- Pterosturisoma Ricola
- Brochiloricaria Harttia
- Hemiodontichthys Loricariichthys
References
- ↑ "Loricariinae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=679394.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 Covain, Raphael; Fisch-Muller, Sonia (2007). "The genera of the Neotropical armored catfish subfamily Loricariinae (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): a practical key and synopsis". Zootaxa 1462: 1–40. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1462.1.1. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/zt01462p040.pdf.
- ↑ Arturo Angulo; Carlos A. Garita-Alvarado; William A. Bussing; Myrna I. López (2013). "Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of continental and insular Costa Rica: additions and nomenclatural revisions". Check List 9 (5): 987–1019. doi:10.15560/9.5.987. https://checklist.pensoft.net/article/18766/element/8/39512//.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Armbruster, Jonathan W.. "Loricariinae". http://www.auburn.edu/academic/science_math/res_area/loricariid/fish_key/loricarin/loricarin.html.
- ↑ Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedVDLEF - ↑ Richard van der Laan; Ronald Fricke, eds. "Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes Classification". Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. https://www.calacademy.org/scientists/catalog-of-fishes-classification/.
- ↑ Reis, Roberto E.; Pereira, Edson H. L. (2000). Schaefer, S. A.. ed. "Three New Species of the Loricariid Catfish Genus Loricariichthys (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from Southern South America". Copeia 2000 (4): 1029–1047. doi:10.1643/0045-8511(2000)000[1029:TNSOTL2.0.CO;2].
- ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron; van der Laan, Richard, eds. "Genera in the family Loricariinae". California Academy of Sciences. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatget.asp?tbl=genus&family=Loricariinae.
Wikidata ☰ Q137875 entry
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