Biology:Helianthus grosseserratus
| Helianthus grosseserratus | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Helianthus |
| Species: | H. grosseserratus
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| Binomial name | |
| Helianthus grosseserratus | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Helianthus grosseserratus, commonly known as sawtooth sunflower or thick-tooth sunflower,[3] is a perennial sunflower in the family Asteraceae, with a large flowering head (inflorescence).
The plant may reach 3–12 feet (91–366 cm) in height and is found along streams, damp prairies and roadsides in the eastern and central parts of Canada and the United States, primarily in the northern Great Plains and Great Lakes Region, with additional populations as far as Maine, Georgia, and Texas .[3][4] It prefers full sun and moist, fertile loamy soil with high organic content.[5]
The lanceolate leaves are simple and alternate and may reach 4 to 12 inches (10–30 cm) long and from 1 to 4 inches (2–10 cm) wide. The leaves have large teeth along the edges (hence the name, sawtooth) to occasionally nearly entire and the tips are pointed.[6]
The head (formally composite flower) is 3 to 4 inches (7–10 cm) wide with golden-yellow disk flowers that bloom in summer and autumn. The 10-20 yellow ray florets are about 1.5 inches (3.81 cm) long. The fruit is a single achene within a husk.[6]
Various insects, birds and mammals (including cattle) feed on either the plant or its seeds.[5][7]
Native Americans used to treat burns with a poultice made from the flowers.[7]
References
- ↑ "Helianthus grosseserratus". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=HEGR4. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
- ↑ "Helianthus grosseserratus". The Global Compositae Checklist (GCC). http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/gcc-122800.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Helianthus grosseserratus | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 2008-07-16 }}
- ↑ "Helianthus grosseserratus", County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA) (Biota of North America Program (BONAP)), 2014, http://bonap.net/MapGallery/County/Helianthus%20grosseserratus.png
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hilty, John (2016). "Helianthus grosseserratus". http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/swt_sunflowerx.htm.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Schilling, Edward E. (2006), "Helianthus grosseserratus", in Flora of North America Editorial Committee, Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA), 21, New York and Oxford, http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=242416631
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Template:Kansas Wildflowers
External links
- Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Wisconsin in 2014
- Photo of base of stem, showing formation of roots and rhizomes
Wikidata ☰ Q5704861 entry
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