Biology:Homunculus (genus)
| Homunculus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Homunculus patagonicus | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Parvorder: | Platyrrhini |
| Genus: | †Homunculus Ameghino, 1891 |
| Type species | |
| Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891
| |
| Other Species | |
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Homunculus vizcainoi Kay & Perry, 2019[1] | |
Homunculus is an extinct genus of New World monkey that lived in Patagonia during the Miocene. Two species are known: Homunculus patagonicus[2][3][4] and Homunculus vizcainoi, which are known from material found in the Santa Cruz Formation in the far south of Argentina .[1]
H. patagonicus was a robustly built, quadrupedal primate, with body mass estimates varying between 1.4 and 5.9 kg (3.1 and 13.0 lb) based on different techniques.[5]
Some authors consider Killikaike blakei to be a junior synonym for H. patagonicus,[6][1] but others consider the species distinct.[7]
While some studies have regarded Homunculus as a crown group platyrhine and a member of the family Pitheciidae, other studies have regarded it as a stem-group platyrhine outside any modern group, which is supported by the morphology of its nasal turbinates, which are dissimilar to those of crown-group platyrhines.[8]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Kay, R.F.; Perry, J.M.G. (2020). "New primates from the Río Santa Cruz and Río Bote (Early-Middle Miocene), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina". Publicacion Electronica de la Asociacion Paleontologica Argentina 19 (2): 230–238. doi:10.5710/peapa.24.08.2019.289.
- ↑ "Homunculus patagonicus". The Primata. 16 November 2001. http://cacajao.tripod.com/homunculus_patagonicus.html. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ↑ Tejedor, Marcelo F.; Rosenberger, Alfred L. (2008). "A neotype for Homunculus patagonicus Ameghino, 1891, and a new interpretation of the taxon". PaleoAnthropology (2008): 68–82. http://www.paleoanthro.org/journal/content/PA20080068.pdf. Retrieved 26 January 2012.
- ↑ Jonathan M.G. Perry; Richard F. Kay; Sergio F. Vizcaíno; M. Susana Bargo (2014). "Oldest known cranium of a juvenile New World monkey (Early Miocene, Patagonia, Argentina): Implications for the taxonomy and the molar eruption pattern of early platyrrhines". Journal of Human Evolution 74: 67–81. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.03.009. PMID 25081638. https://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/bitstream/10161/10782/1/Perry%20et%20al.%202014.pdf.
- ↑ Perry, J.M.G.; Cookea, S.B.; Runestad Connour, J.A.; Burgess, M.L.; Ruff, C.B. (2018). "Articular scaling and body mass estimation in platyrrhines and catarrhines: Modern variation and application to fossil anthropoids". Journal of Human Evolution 115 (13): 20–35. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2017.10.008. PMID 29150186.
- ↑ Perry, Jonathan M.G.; Kay, Richard F.; Vizcaíno, Sergio F.; Bargo, M. Susana (September 2014). "Oldest known cranium of a juvenile New World monkey (Early Miocene, Patagonia, Argentina): Implications for the taxonomy and the molar eruption pattern of early platyrrhines" (in en). Journal of Human Evolution 74: 67–81. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.03.009. PMID 25081638. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0047248414001560.
- ↑ Silvestro, Daniele; Tejedor, Marcelo F; Serrano-Serrano, Martha L; Loiseau, Oriane; Rossier, Victor; Rolland, Jonathan; Zizka, Alexander; Höhna, Sebastian et al. (2019-01-01). Savolainen, Vincent. ed. "Early Arrival and Climatically-Linked Geographic Expansion of New World Monkeys from Tiny African Ancestors" (in en). Systematic Biology 68 (1): 78–92. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syy046. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 29931325. PMC 6292484. https://academic.oup.com/sysbio/article/68/1/78/5040681.
- ↑ Lundeen, Ingrid K.; Kay, Richard F. (June 2022). "Unique nasal turbinal morphology reveals Homunculus patagonicus functionally converged on modern platyrrhine olfactory sensitivity" (in en). Journal of Human Evolution 167: 103184. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2022.103184. PMID 35462071. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0047248422000446.
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