Biology:Ichthyodectiformes

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Short description: Extinct order of ray-finned fishes

Ichthyodectiformes
Temporal range: Middle Jurassic-Late Cretaceous
Bathonian–Maastrichtian
Ichthyodectidae2.jpg
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Division: Teleostei
Order: Ichthyodectiformes
Bardack & Sprinkle, 1969
Subgroups

See text

Ichthyodectiformes is an extinct order of marine stem-teleost ray-finned fish. The order is named after the genus Ichthyodectes, established by Edward Drinker Cope in 1870. Ichthyodectiforms are usually considered to be some of the closest relatives of the teleost crown group.[1]

They were most diverse throughout the Cretaceous period, though basal forms like Thrissops, Occithrissops and Allothrissops are known from the Middle-Late Jurassic of Europe and North America. Most ichthyodectiforms ranged between 1 and 5 meters (3–15 ft) in length. Most of known taxa were predators, feeding on smaller fish; in several cases, larger ichthyodectiforms preyed on smaller members of the order. Some species had remarkably large teeth, though others, such as Gillicus arcuatus, had small ones and sucked in their prey. Heckelichthys preopercularis is a rare example of non-predatory ichthyodectiform, more likely to be microphagous, fed on small particles.[2] There is evidence that at least one species, Xiphactinus audax, may have been endothermic ("warm-blooded").[3]

Systematics

The basal phylogeny is badly resolved, leading to many ichthyodectiforms that are simply known to be rather primitive, but where nothing certain can be said about their precise relationships.


Ichthyodectiformes[1][4][5]

  • Africathrissops Taverne, 2010[6]
  • Allothrissops Nybelin, 1964
  • Altamuraichthys Taverne, 2016[7]
  • Antarctithrissops Arratia et al., 2004[8]
  • Ascalabothrissops? Arratia, 2000[9]
  • Capassoichthys Taverne, 2015[7]
  • Dugaldia Lees, 1990
  • Faugichthys Taverne & Chanet, 2000
  • Furloichthys Taverne & Capasso, 2018[7]
  • Garganoichthys Taverne, 2009[7]
  • Occithrissops Schaeffer & Patterson, 1984
  • Ogunichthys Alvarado-Ortega & Brito, 2009
  • Pachythrissops? Woodward, 1919
  • Prymnetes Cope, 1871[10]
  • Thrissops Agassiz, 1843
  • Sultanuvaisia Nesov, 1981
  • Unamichthys Alvarado-Ortega, 2004
  • Verraesichthys Taverne, 2010
  • Chuhsiungichthyidae Yabumoto, 1994[11]
  • Bardackichthyidae Hacker & Shimada, 2021[5]
    • Amakusaichthys Yabumoto et al., 2020
    • Bardackichthys Hacker & Shimada, 2021
    • Heckelichthys Taverne, 2008
  • Cladocyclidae Maisey, 1991
  • Ichthyodectidae Crook, 1892
  • Saurodontidae Cope, 1870[15][16]


References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781118342336. 
  2. Baños-Rodríguez, Rocio Elizabeth; González-Rodríguez, Katia Adriana; Wilson, Mark V. H.; González-Martínez, Jorge Alberto (2020-06-01). "A new species of Heckelichthys from the Muhi Quarry (Albian–Cenomanian) of central Mexico" (in en). Cretaceous Research 110: 104415. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2020.104415. ISSN 0195-6671. Bibcode2020CrRes.11004415B. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195667119304276. 
  3. Ferrón, H. G. (2019). "Evidence of endothermy in the extinct macropredatory osteichthyan Xiphactinus audax (Teleostei, Ichthyodectiformes)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39 (6): e1724123. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1724123. Bibcode2019JVPal..39E4123F. https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/e6d12da6-4f25-46ce-bb14-74fd2beddd82. 
  4. Cavin, L.; Berrell, R. W. (2019). "Revision of Dugaldia emmilta (Teleostei, Ichthyodectiformes) from the Toolebuc Formation, Albian of Australia, with comments on the jaw mechanics". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 39 (1): e1576049. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1576049. Bibcode2019JVPal..39E6049C. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 Hacker, R. J.; Shimada, K. (2021). "A new ichthyodectiform fish (Actinopterygii: Teleostei) from the Arlington Member (mid-Cenomanian) of the Upper Cretaceous Woodbine Formation in Texas, USA". Cretaceous Research 123: 104798. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2021.104798. Bibcode2021CrRes.12304798H. 
  6. Taverne, L. (2010). "Les Ichthyodectidae (Teleostei, Ichthyodectiformes) des schistes bitumineux de TAptien (Crétacé inférieur) de Guinée Équatoriale et du Gabon" (in fr). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique 80: 115–143. https://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/ocrd/240420.pdf. 
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Taverne, L.; Capasso, L. (2018). "Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Furloichthys bonarellii gen. and sp. nov. (Teleostei, Ichthyodectidae), a tropical fish from the Upper Cretaceous of central Italy". Geo-Eco-Trop. 42 (1): 75–88. https://geoecotrop.be/uploads/publications/pub_421_06.pdf. 
  8. Arratia, G.; Scasso, R. A.; Kiessling, W. (2004). "Late Jurassic fishes from Longing Gap, Antarctic Peninsula". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24 (1): 41–55. doi:10.1671/1952-4. Bibcode2004JVPal..24...41A. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232669427. 
  9. Arratia, G. (2000). "Remarkable teleostean fishes from the Late Jurassic of southern Germany and their phylogenetic relationships". Fossil Record 3 (1): 137–179. doi:10.1002/mmng.20000030108. 
  10. Blanco-Piñón, A.; Alvarado-Ortega, J. (2007). "Review of Vallecillichthys multivertebratum (Teleostei: Ichthyodectiformes), a Late Cretaceous (early Turonian) "Bulldog fish" from northeastern Mexico". Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 24 (3): 450–466. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/572/57224312.pdf. 
  11. Kim, H.; Chang, M.; Wu, F.; Kim, Y. (2014). "A new ichthyodectiform (Pisces, Teleostei) from the Lower Cretaceous of South Korea and its paleobiogeographic implication". Cretaceous Research 47: 117–130. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2013.11.007. Bibcode2014CrRes..47..117K. 
  12. Cavin, L.; Boudad, L.; Tong, H.; Läng, E.; Tabouelle, J.; Vullo, R. (2015). "Taxonomic Composition and Trophic Structure of the Continental Bony Fish Assemblage from the Early Late Cretaceous of Southeastern Morocco". PLOS ONE 10 (5): e0125786. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0125786. PMID 26018561. Bibcode2015PLoSO..1025786C. 
  13. de Mayrinck, D.; Ribeiro, A. C.; Assine, M. L.; Spigolon, A. L. D. (2023). "A New Genus and Species of †Cladocyclidae (Teleostei: †Ichthyodectiformes) from the Lower Cretaceous "Batateira Beds", Barbalha Formation, Araripe Basin: The First Vertebrate Record in a Still Poorly Explored Fossil Site". Diversity 15 (3): 413. doi:10.3390/d15030413. 
  14. Kaddumi, Hani F. (2009). "Ichthyodectids of the late Maastrichtian sediments of the Muwaqqar Chalk Marl Formation of Harrana". Fossils of the Harrana Fauna and the Adjacent Areas. Amman: Eternal River Museum of Natural History. OCLC 709582892. 
  15. Cope, E. D. (1870). On the Saurodontidæ. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 11:529-538
  16. Cope, E. D. (1873). On two new species of Saurodontidae. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 25:2-339
  17. Vullo, R., Buffetaut, E. and Everhart, M.J. (2012). "Reappraisal of Gwawinapterus beardi from the Late Cretaceous of Canada: a saurodontid fish, not a pterosaur." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 32(5): 1198-1201. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.681078

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q1656407 entry