Biology:List of Durio species

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Among the thirty known species of Durio, so far eleven species have been identified to produce edible fruits. However, there are many species for which the fruit has never been collected or properly described and it is likely that other species with edible fruit exist.[1] The currently known nine species of edible durians are:

Image Name Common name Distribution Description
Buah Lahung.JPG Durio dulcis Becc. durian marangang (or merangang), red durian, tutong, or lahong Sabah and West Kalimantan, Borneo
Durio grandiflorus Kosterm. & Soegeng' ghost durian, durian munjit, durian hantu hutan, Sukang Borneo
Durio graveolens Suluy Z 2zz.jpg Durio graveolens Becc. Trako,[citation needed] tabelak, durian burung, durian kuning, durian merah, durian otak udang galah, red-fleshed durian Southern Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Palawan (Philippines) It is a large tree up to 50 m (160 ft) tall. The husk of its fruit is orange-yellow, covered with pyramidal 1 cm (0.4 in) long spines. The fruit has sweet crimson-coloured flesh and a fragrance of roasted almonds. D. graveolens resembles D. dulcis but its fruit opens while it is still on the tree and has dark red flesh, whereas the fruit of D. dulcis drops unopened and has dark yellow flesh. Durian suluk, also known as durian siunggong, is a natural hybrid between D. zibethinus and D. graveolens, and retains the flavour and texture of D. zibethinus with subtle burnt caramel overtones of D. graveolens. Durian simpor is a mild-flavoured, yellow-fleshed variant of D. graveolens.[citation needed]
Durio kinabaluensis Kosterm. & Soegeng Mountain Durian Crocker Range and Mount Kinabalu, Sabah
Pekawai 070314 0221 utk.jpg Durio kutejensis (Hassk.) Becc. durian pulu, durian merah, nyekak, Pakan, Kuluk, or lai Borneo
Durio lowianus Scort. ex King durian duan, durian sepeh, durian au, Thurian-don Peninsular Malaysia, Southern Thailand, and Sumatra It is a large tree up to 50 metre tall, has red flowers and elongated. Its oval-shaped fruit contains yellow flesh.[citation needed]
Durio macrantha Kosterm. Mt. Leuser National Park, North Sumatra
Durio mansoni (Gamble) Bakh. Tan duyin, Turimi Thailand and Myanmar
Buah Karatungan.JPG Durio oxleyanus Griff. durian sukang, durian beludu, isu or kerontangan Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo It is a fairly large tree up to 40 m (130 ft) tall. It produces small, round, greyish-green fruits with large, stiff, broadly pyramidal, slightly curved spines. The flesh is yellow, smooth-textured and sweet.[citation needed]
Durio testudinarius Becc. tortoise or kura-kura durian Borneo It is a medium-sized tree up to 25 m (82 ft) tall. Being a self-pollinated species, it is less variable, and has an extended flowering season. The flesh of its fruit is pale yellow and has a stronger aroma than other species of Durio.[citation needed]
Durio wyatt-smithii Kosterm. Peninsular Malaysia (Trengganu)
Malvales - Durio zibethinus - 1.jpg Durio zibethinus L. Borneo and Sumatra

The other species, which haven't been identified to produce edible fruits are:

Image Name Common name Distribution Description
Durio acutifolius (Mast.) Kosterm. Tupaloh, durian burung, Durian anggang, Tuwola pupulu, durian lojang, Lai Kuju Kalimantan and Sabah
Durio affinis Becc. duan tajam West Kalimantan and Sabah.
Durio beccarianus Kosterm. & Soegeng Indonesian West Borneo, Upper Kapuas River
Durio bukitrayaensis Kosterm. Borneo
Durio burmanicus Soegeng Myanmar
Durio carinatus Mast. Sumatra, Pahang, Johor, Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei
Durio ceylanicus Gardner Ceylon durian Sri Lanka
Durio crassipes Kosterm. & Soegeng Tenom and Sipitang areas of Sabah.
Durio excelsus (Korth.) Bakh. Apun; Durian daun; Begurah Kalimantan
Durio gerikensis M.N.Faizal, Edward, Latiff & Hadrul Peninsular Malaysia.
Durio griffithii (Mast.) Bakh. Simartarutung Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo.
Durio lanceolatus (Mast.) Bian, Dian perai, Durian, Durian anggang, Durian bengan, Durian burong, Borneo
Durio lissocarpus Mast.: Durian burung Borneo
Durio macrolepis Kosterm. Peninsular Malaysia.
Durio macrophyllus (King) Ridl. tong, daun, batan, daun besar, pumkubm (Batak) Peninsular Malaysia
Durio oblongus Mast. Sarawak.
Durio pinangianus (Becc.) Ridl. daun tajam, burung Peninsular Malaysia (Perak, Penang).
Durio purpureus Kosterm. & Soegeng West Kalimantan
Durio singaporensis Ridl. durian daun, bujur Peninsular Malaysia.

See also

References

  1. Brown, Michael J. (1997). Durio — A Bibliographic Review. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute. ISBN 978-92-9043-318-7.