Biology:List of Lepidoptera that feed on elms
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Elms (Ulmus species) are used as food plants by the larvae of a number of Lepidoptera species including:
Monophagous
Species that feed exclusively on Ulmus
- Bucculatricidae
- Coleophoridae
- Gelechiidae
- Geometridae
- Blomer's rivulet (Venusia blomeri)[1]
- Clouded magpie (Abraxas sylvata)[2]
- Gracillariidae
- Lycaenidae
- White-letter hairstreak (Satyrium w-album)[5]
- Lymantriidae
- Black V moth (Arctornis l-nigrum)[6]
- Nepticulidae
- Noctuidae
- Pyralidae
- Tortricidae
Polyphagous
Species that feed on Ulmus among other plants
Buff-tip larva on European white elm, Great Fontley, England
- Bucculatricidae
- Coleophoridae
- Several Coleophora case-bearer species:
- Coleophora badiipennella
- Coleophora cerasivorella
- Coleophora comptoniella
- Coleophora fuscedinella
- Coleophora limosipennella
- Coleophora serratella
- Several Coleophora case-bearer species:
- Erebidae
- Banded tussock moth; pale tiger moth (Halysidota tessellaris)[14]
- Geometridae
- Autumnal moth (Epirrita autumnata)
- Dotted border (Agriopis marginaria)
- Engrailed (Ectropis crepuscularia)
- Feathered thorn (Colotois pennaria)
- Light emerald (Campaea margaritata)
- Mottled umber (Erannis defoliaria)
- November moth (Epirrita dilutata)
- Pale November moth (Epirrita christyi)
- Scarce umber (Agriopis aurantiaria)[15]
- Winter moth (Operophtera brumata)[16]
- Lasiocampidae
- Lackey (Malacosoma neustria)
- Lymantriidae
- Brown-tail (Euproctis chrysorrhoea)
- Vapourer (Orgyia antiqua)[17]
- Noctuidae
- The Brick (Agrochola circellaris)
- Common Quaker (Orthosia cerasi)
- The dun-bar (Cosmia trapezina)
- Grey dagger (Acronicta psi)
- Lesser broad-bordered yellow underwing (Noctua janthina)
- Lunar spotted pinion (Cosmia pyralina)[18]
- The nutmeg (Discestra trifolii)
- The satellite (Eupsilia transversa)[19]
- Twin-spotted Quaker (Perigrapha munda)[20]
- Notodontidae
- Buff-tip (Phalera bucephala)
- Coxcomb prominent (Ptilodon capucina)
- Nymphalidae
- Comma (Polygonia c-album)[21]
- Eastern comma (Polygonia comma)[14][22]
- Large tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros)[23]
- Mourning cloak; Camberwell beauty (Nymphalis antiopa)[14][24]
- Painted lady (Vanessa cardui)[14][25][26]
- Question mark (Polygonia interrogationis)[14][27]
- Red-spotted purple (Limenitis arthemis astyanax)[25]
- Scarce tortoiseshell or yellow-legged tortoiseshell (Nymphalis xanthomelas)[28]
- Saturniidae
- Columbian silkmoth (Hyalophora columbia)[29]
- Emperor moth (Pavonia pavonia)
- Sphingidae
- Elm sphinx (Ceratomia amyntor)
- Lime hawk-moth (Mimas tiliae)
- Poplar hawk-moth (Laothoe populi)
- Twin-spotted sphinx (Smerinthus jamaicensis)
- Tortricidae
References
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "70.116 BF1872 Blomer's Rivulet Venusia blomeri (Curtis, 1832)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/venusia-blomeri. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "70.206 BF1885 Clouded Magpie Abraxas sylvata (Scopoli, 1763)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/abraxas-sylvata. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "15.074 BF352 Phyllonorycter schreberella (Fabricius, 1781)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/phyllonorycter-schreberella. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "15.078 BF356 Phyllonorycter tristrigella (Haworth, 1828)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/phyllonorycter-tristrigella. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
- ↑ Eeles, Peter (July 16, 2006). "White-Letter Hairstreak: Satyrium w-album". UK Butterflies. Archived from the original on July 22, 2006. https://web.archive.org/web/20060722121448/http://www.ukbutterflies.co.uk/species.php?vernacular_name=White-Letter+Hairstreak.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "72.008 BF2032 Black V Moth Arctornis l-nigrum (Müller, 1764)". https://www.ukmoths.org.uk/species/arctornis-l-nigrum. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "4.043 BF63 Stigmella lemniscella (Zeller, 1839)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/stigmella-lemniscella. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
- ↑ "Stigmella viscerella (Stainton, 1853)". British Leafminers. Archived from the original on October 6, 2007. https://web.archive.org/web/20071006081652/http://www.leafmines.co.uk/html/lepidoptera/S.viscerella2.htm.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "73.183 BF2275 Dusky-lemon Sallow Cirrhia gilvago ([Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)"]. https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/cirrhia-gilvago. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "73.215 BF2316 Lesser-spotted Pinion Cosmia affinis (Linnaeus, 1767)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/cosmia-affinis. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "73.214 BF2317 White-spotted Pinion Cosmia diffinis (Linnaeus, 1767)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/cosmia-diffinis. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "62.024 BF1445 Rhodophaea formosa (Haworth, 1811)". https://www.ukmoths.org.uk/species/rhodophaea-formosa/. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "49.085 BF1050 Acleris kochiella (Goeze, 1783)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/acleris-kochiella. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 Mogren, Chrissy. "Louisiana Native Pollinator Trees". Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Ag Center Botannic Gardens. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191213195025/https://www.lsu.edu/botanic-gardens/research/Burden-Pollinator-Trees.pdf. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "70.254 BF1933 Scarce Umber Agriopis aurantiaria (Hübner, [1799)"]. https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/agriopis-aurantiaria. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "70.106 BF1799 Winter Moth Operophtera brumata (Linnaeus, 1758)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/operophtera-brumata/. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "72.017 BF2026 The Vapourer Orgyia antiqua (Linnaeus, 1758)". https://www.ukmoths.org.uk/species/orgyia-antiqua/. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "73.217 BF2319 Lunar-spotted Pinion Cosmia pyralina ([Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)"]. https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/cosmia-pyralina. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "73.210 BF2256 The Satellite Eupsilia transversa (Hufnagel, 1766)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/eupsilia-transversa. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "73.250 BF2189 Twin-spotted Quaker Anorthoa munda ([Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)"]. https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/anorthoa-munda. Retrieved 14 December 2019.
- ↑ Eeles, Peter. "Comma: Polygonia c-album". UK Butterflies. Archived from the original on February 27, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120227120623/http://www.ukbutterflies.co.uk/species.php?vernacular_name=Comma.
- ↑ "Eastern Comma: Polygonia comma (Harris, 1842)". Butterflies and Moths of North America. 2019. Archived from the original on November 1, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191101215420/https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Polygonia-comma. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- ↑ Eeles, Peter. "Large Tortoiseshell: Nymphalis polychloros". UK Butterflies. Archived from the original on February 27, 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120227114139/http://www.ukbutterflies.co.uk/species.php?vernacular_name=Large%20Tortoiseshell.
- ↑ "Mourning Cloak: Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758)". Butterflies and Moths of North America. 2019. Archived from the original on November 1, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191101220140/https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Nymphalis-antiopa. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Ulmus americana". North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox. Raleigh, North Carolina: North Carolina State University. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191213195308/https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/ulmus-americana/. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- ↑ "Ulmus americana: American elm". Florida Native Plant Society. 2013. Archived from the original on March 1, 2018. https://web.archive.org/web/20180301054242/https://www.fnps.org/plants/plant/ulmus-americana. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- ↑ (1) Layberry, Ross, A.; Hall, Peter W.; Lafontaine, J. Donald (1998). "Question Mark: Polygonia interrogationis (Fabricius, 1798)". The Butterflies of Canada. Toronto, Canada: University of Toronto Press. http://www.cbif.gc.ca/spp_pages/butterflies/species/QuestionMark_e.php. Retrieved 2010-07-09.
(2) "Question Mark butterfly". Ohio History Central: An Online Encyclopedia of Ohio History. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio Historical Society. http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/entry.php?rec=1100. Retrieved 2010-07-09.
(3) "Question Mark: Polygonia interrogationis (Fabricius, 1798)". Butterflies and Moths of North America. 2019. Archived from the original on November 1, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191101215117/https://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/species/Polygonia-interrogationis. Retrieved December 13, 2019. - ↑ Coombes, Simon. "Yellow-legged tortoiseshell - Nymphalis xanthomelas". www.butterfly-guide.co.uk. Archived from the original on July 20, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20190720153027/http://www.butterfly-guide.co.uk/species/nymphalids/nymph1.htm. Retrieved December 14, 2019.
- ↑ "Ulmus americana". Plant Database. Austin, Texas: University of Texas at Austin: Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center. Archived from the original on December 13, 2019. https://web.archive.org/web/20191213195510/https://www.wildflower.org/plants/result.php?id_plant=ulam. Retrieved December 13, 2019.
- ↑ Kimber, Ian. "49.234 BF1150 Epinotia abbreviana (Fabricius, 1794)". https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/epinotia-abbreviana/. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
External links
- Robinson, Gaden S.; Ackery, Phillip R.; Kitching, Ian J.; Beccaloni, George W.; Hernández, Luis M. (2010). "Hostplant Genus: Ulmus". Natural History Museum, London. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/hostplants/search/list.dsml?&PGenus=Ulmus&sort=Family.
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