Biology:Stegodyphus

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Short description: Genus of spiders

Stegodyphus
S.lineatus.jpg
Stegodyphus lineatus
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Eresidae
Genus: Stegodyphus
Simon, 1873[1]
Type species
S. lineatus
(Latreille, 1817)
Species

20, see text

Synonyms[1]

Stegodyphus is a genus of velvet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1873.[3] They are distributed from Africa to Europe and Asia, with one species (S. manaus) found in Brazil . The name is derived from Ancient Greek στέγω (stegos), meaning "covered".

At least three species are social spiders,[4] and several are known to use ballooning as a method of dispersal.[5]

Species

(As of May 2019) it contains twenty species:[1]

  • Stegodyphus africanus (Blackwall, 1866) – Africa
  • Stegodyphus bicolor (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) – Southern Africa
  • Stegodyphus dufouri (Audouin, 1826) – North, West Africa
  • Stegodyphus dumicola Pocock, 1898 – Central, Southern Africa
  • Stegodyphus hildebrandti (Karsch, 1878) – Central, East Africa, Zanzibar
  • Stegodyphus hisarensis Arora & Monga, 1992 – India
  • Stegodyphus lineatus (Latreille, 1817) (type) – Southern Europe, North Africa to Tajikistan
  • Stegodyphus lineifrons Pocock, 1898 – East Africa
  • Stegodyphus manaus Kraus & Kraus, 1992 – Brazil
  • Stegodyphus manicatus Simon, 1876 – North, West Africa
  • Stegodyphus mimosarum Pavesi, 1883 – Africa, Madagascar
  • Stegodyphus mirandus Pocock, 1899 – India
  • Stegodyphus nathistmus Kraus & Kraus, 1989 – Morocco to Yemen
  • Stegodyphus pacificus Pocock, 1900 – Jordan, Iran, Pakistan, India
  • Stegodyphus sabulosus Tullgren, 1910 – East, Southern Africa
  • Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch, 1892 – India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar
  • Stegodyphus simplicifrons Simon, 1906 – Madagascar
  • Stegodyphus tentoriicola Purcell, 1904 – South Africa
  • Stegodyphus tibialis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) – India, Myanmar, Thailand, China
  • Stegodyphus tingelin Kraus & Kraus, 1989 – Cameroon

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Gen. Stegodyphus Simon, 1873. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. http://www.wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/855. Retrieved 2019-06-03. 
  2. Kraus, O.; Kraus, M. (1989). "The genus Stegodyphus (Arachnida, Araneae). Sibling species, species groups, and parallel origin of social living". Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg 30: 167. 
  3. Simon, E. (1873). "Etudes arachnologiques. 2e Mémoire. III. Note sur les espèces européennes de la famille des Eresidae.". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 3 (5): 335–358. 
  4. Majer, M. (2013). "Habitat productivity constrains the distribution of social spiders across continents – case study of the genus Stegodyphus". Frontiers in Zoology 10 (9): 9. doi:10.1186/1742-9994-10-9. PMID 23433065. 
  5. Schneider, J. M. (2001). "Dispersal of Stegodyphus dumicola (Araneae, Eresidae): They do balloon after all!". The Journal of Arachnology 29: 114–16. doi:10.1636/0161-8202(2001)029[0114:DOSDAE2.0.CO;2]. http://www.americanarachnology.org/JoA_free/JoA_v29_n1/arac_29_01_0114.pdf. 

Wikidata ☰ Q1835835 entry