Biology:Nymphaea immutabilis

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Short description: Species of water lily

Nymphaea immutabilis
Flowering Nymphaea immutabilis at Mount Carbine, Queensland, Australia
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Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Order: Nymphaeales
Family: Nymphaeaceae
Genus: Nymphaea
Subgenus: Nymphaea subg. Anecphya
Species:
N. immutabilis
Binomial name
Nymphaea immutabilis
S.W.L.Jacobs[1]
Nymphaea immutabilis is native to Western Australia, the Northern Territory, and Queensland, Australia[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Nymphaea lotus var. australis F.M.Bailey

Nymphaea immutabilis (black-soil waterlily) is a species of waterlily native to the far north of Western Australia, the Northern Territory, and northern and eastern Queensland, Australia.[2][1]

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Nymphaea immutabilis is an annual or perennial plant with globose rhizomes.[3] The round, 70 cm wide leaves have dentate margins.[4][3]

Generative characteristics

The flowers are up to 30 cm in diameter, on pedicels or stalks up to 5 m long;[5] the outer petals are blue, grading to white inner petals.[6] The flowers extend up to 50 cm above the water surface.[4] The flowers have four sepals, and 34 petals. The androecium consists of 400 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 9-20 carpels.[3] The globose, 5 cm wide fruit bears numerous 4 mm long, and 2.5 mm wide, rounded seeds with trichomes arranged in irregular rows.[4] The immature seeds are red, but mature to brownish-grey.[7] The seeds have a mechanism of physiological dormancy.[8]

Cytology

The chromosome count is n = 42. The genome size is 1408.32 Mb.[9]

Reproduction

Generative reproduction

Flowering occurs from March to November.[4][3]

Taxonomy

Publication

It was first described by Surrey Wilfrid Laurance Jacobs in 1992.[1]

Type specimen

The type specimen was collected by S. Jacobs and J. Clarkson near Mareeba, Queensland, Australia on the 26th of July 1987.[3]

Placement within Nymphaea

It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya.[8]

Separation of Nymphaea kimberleyensis

The subspecies Nymphaea immutabilis subsp. kimberleyensis S.W.L.Jacobs was described in 1992. Later in 2011, it was elevated to a separate species Nymphaea kimberleyensis (S.W.L.Jacobs) S.W.L.Jacobs & Hellq.[10][11]

Etymology

The specific epithet immutabilis, meaning unchanging, references the floral colouration, which does not change as the flower ages.[3]

Conservation

The NCA status of Nymphaea immutabilis is Special Least Concern (SL).[12] In the Northern Territory it is categorised as vulnerable.[13][14]

Ecology

Habitat

It occurs in swamps,[8] permanent, or temporary waters,[3] billabongs, streams, and rivers.[7]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Nymphaea immutabilis S.W.L.Jacobs" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/960894-1. Retrieved 2 January 2024. 
  2. ↑ "Species: Nymphaea immutabilis (Black-soil Waterlily)". 1992-03-12. https://bie.ala.org.au/species/https://id.biodiversity.org.au/taxon/apni/51449410. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 Jacobs, S. W. L. (1992). "New species, lectotypes and synonyms of Australasian Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae)." Telopea, 4(4), 635-641.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Stephens, K. M., Dowling, R. M. (2002). "Wetland Plants of Queensland: A Field Guide". p. 56. Kokosinsel (Keeling): CSIRO Publishing.
  5. ↑ Lane-Poole, C.E. (1925). The Forest Resources of the Territories of Papua and New Guinea. Melbourne: Australian Government. p. 86. 
  6. ↑ "Nymphaea immutabilis subsp. immutabilis". https://www.internationalwaterlilycollection.com/project/nymphaea-immutabilis-subsp-immutabilis/. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Dalziell, E. L. (2016). "Seed biology and ex situ storage behaviour of Australian Nymphaea (water lilies): implications for conservation (Doctoral dissertation, PhD thesis. University of Western Australia, Perth, WA)".
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Dalziell, E. L., Baskin, C. C., Baskin, J. M., Young, R. E., Dixon, K. W., & Merritt, D. J. (2019). "Morphophysiological dormancy in the basal angiosperm order Nymphaeales." Annals of botany, 123(1), 95-106.
  9. ↑ Chen, F., Liu, X., Yu, C., Chen, Y., Tang, H., & Zhang, L. (2017). "Water lilies as emerging models for Darwin's abominable mystery". Horticulture research, 4.
  10. ↑ Jacobs, S. W., & Hellquist, C. B. (2011). "New species, possible hybrids and intergrades in Australian Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae) with a key to all species." Telopea, 13(1-2), 233-243.
  11. ↑ "Nymphaea kimberleyensis (S.W.L.Jacobs) S.W.L.Jacobs & Hellq." (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/77111424-1. Retrieved 2 January 2024. 
  12. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Queensland Government, 2022
  13. ↑ White, M., Albrecht, D., Duguid, A., Latz, P., & Hamilton, M. (2000). "Plant species and sites of botanical significance in the southern bioregions of the Northern Territory. Volume 1: significant vascular plants."
  14. ↑ Fisher, A., Baker, B., & Woinarski, J. (2002). "Mitchell Grass Downs, Northern Territory."

Wikidata ☰ Q17253189 entry



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