Biology:Petunia integrifolia

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Short description: Species of flowering plant

Petunia integrifolia
Petunia violacea Edwards's Bot. Reg. 19. 1626. 1833.jpg
Illustration from Edwards's Botanical Register, 1833
Scientific classification edit
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Solanales
Family: Solanaceae
Genus: Petunia
Species:
P. integrifolia
Binomial name
Petunia integrifolia
(Hook.) Schinz & Thell.[1]
Synonyms[2]
  • Nierembergia phoenicea D. Don
  • Nierembergia punicea Sendtn.
  • Petunia dichotoma Sendtn.
  • Petunia phoenicea D. Don ex Loudon
  • Petunia violacea Lindl.
  • Salpiglossis integrifolia Hook.
  • Stimoryne purpurea Raf.

Petunia integrifolia (syn. Petunia violacea), the violet petunia[3] or violetflower petunia,[4] is a species of wild petunia with violet-colored blooms.[5][6] Petunia integrifolia is native to Argentina .[7] P. integrifolia bears flowers approximately 1.5 inch in diameter and the plant is typically smaller and harder to cultivate than the well-known hybrid bedding Petunia now known correctly as Petunia × atkinsiana.[8][9]

Taxonomy

The species was first described as Salpiglossis integrifolia by William Jackson Hooker in 1831.[10] It was transferred to the genus Petunia as P. integrifolia by Hans Schinz and Albert Thellung in 1915.[11] Petunia inflata had sometimes been considered to be a subspecies of P. integrifolia, but the two have different native ranges, with P. inflata growing in more northern areas.[12]

Hallucinogen

Petunia violacea Lindl. has been reported to be used as a hallucinogen in Ecuador, where the plant has the vernacular name shanín. The drug is said to cause sensations of levitation and flight - a type of hallucination often associated with the use of the more toxic hallucinogenic plants of the deliriant type; e.g., the tropane-containing Atropa and Hyoscyamus, active constituents of the witches' flying ointments of Medieval and Early Modern Europe.[13] [14]

References

  1. ↑ Nowick, Elaine (1 October 2014). Historical Common Names of Great Plains Plants, Volume I: Common Names. Lincoln, NE: Lulu.com. p. 437. ISBN 978-1-60962-058-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=HTTaCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA437. 
  2. ↑ "Tropicos.org". http://www.tropicos.org/Name/29600082?tab=synonyms. Retrieved 13 September 2015. 
  3. ↑ Nowick, Elaine (1 October 2014). Historical Common Names of Great Plains Plants, Volume I: Common Names. Lincoln, NE: Lulu.com. p. 437. ISBN 978-1-60962-058-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=HTTaCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA437. 
  4. ↑ "Petunia integrifolia". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=PEIN5. Retrieved 23 September 2015. 
  5. ↑ ITIS on-line database (1996). "Petunia integrifolia". U.S. Geological Survey. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=30584. Retrieved 12 September 2015. 
  6. ↑ Michelle Wishhart. "Petunia Violacea plants". Demand Media. http://homeguides.sfgate.com/petunia-violacea-plants-43465.html. Retrieved 12 September 2015. 
  7. ↑ "Heirloom Garden: What's Blooming in Autumn?". Smithsonian Gardens. http://www.gardens.si.edu/our-gardens/heirloom-garden-autumn.html. Retrieved 12 September 2015. 
  8. ↑ Quentin Groom (2011). "Petunia integrifolia". http://alienplantsbelgium.be/content/petunia-integrifolia. Retrieved 12 September 2015. 
  9. ↑ "Petunia (group)". Missouri Botanical Garden. http://www.missouribotanicalgarden.org/PlantFinder/PlantFinderDetails.aspx?kempercode=a601. Retrieved 12 September 2015. 
  10. ↑ William Jackson Hooker (1831), "Plate 3113 and two pages of descriptive text", Curtis's botanical magazine, 5 (new series) = volume 58, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/14218#page/236/mode/1up 
  11. ↑ Hans Schinz (1915), "Petunia integrifolia in Mitteilungen aus dem botanischen Museum der Universität Zürich (LXXI.)", Vierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zürich, 60, p. 361, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/101325#page/368/mode/1up 
  12. ↑ Ando, T.; Ishikawa, N.; Watanabe, H.; Kokubun, H.; Yanagisawa, Y.; Hashimoto, G.; Marchesi, E.; Suárez, E. (2005), "A Morphological Study of the Petunia integrifolia Complex (Solanaceae)", Annals of Botany 96 (5): 887–900, doi:10.1093/aob/mci241, PMID 16103037 [|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  13. ↑ Schultes, Richard Evans Hallucinogenic Plants a Golden Guide, pub. Golden Press N.Y., 1976, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number : 74-21666, page 150.
  14. ↑ Haro, A., S. L. : "Shamanismo y farmacopea en el Reino de Quito". Inst. Ecuat. Cienc. Nat. Contr., No. 75 : Nov. 1971.

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q160825 entry



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