Biology:Polioptila

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Polioptila is a genus of small insectivorous birds in the family Polioptilidae. They are found in North and South America.

The genus Polioptila was introduced by the English zoologist Philip Sclater in 1855. Although he listed several members, he did not specify a type species.[1] This was designated by the American ornithologist Spencer Baird in 1864 as Montacilla caerulea, Linnaeus, now the blue-grey gnatcatcher, Polioptila caerulea.[2][3] The name of the genus combines the Ancient Greek words πολιος polios "grey" and πτιλον ptilon "plumage".[4]

The genus contains 18 species:[5]

Image Common name Scientific name Distribution
- Rio Negro gnatcatcher Polioptila facilis north of upper Rio Negro
- Guianan gnatcatcher Polioptila guianensis Guiana Shield
120px Slate-throated gnatcatcher Polioptila schistaceigula Chocó–Magdalena
- Para gnatcatcher Polioptila paraensis southern Amazonia
- Iquitos gnatcatcher Polioptila clementsi Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve (Peru)
120px Inambari gnatcatcher Polioptila attenboroughi south of the upper Amazon and west of the Madeira River
120px Marañón gnatcatcher Polioptila maior Marañón valley
120px Tropical gnatcatcher Polioptila plumbea Central and northern South America
120px Creamy-bellied gnatcatcher Polioptila lactea southern Atlantic Forest
120px Masked gnatcatcher Polioptila dumicola central/eastern South America
120px Cuban gnatcatcher Polioptila lembeyei coastal Cuba
120px Yucatan gnatcatcher Polioptila albiventris northern Yucatán Peninsula
- White-browed gnatcatcher Polioptila bilineata southern Mexico to central Peru
120px Blue-grey gnatcatcher Polioptila caerulea central/southern North America
120px Black-tailed gnatcatcher Polioptila melanura deserts of southwestern US and northern Mexico
120px California gnatcatcher Polioptila californica Baja California peninsula
120px Black-capped gnatcatcher Polioptila nigriceps western Mexico
120px White-lored gnatcatcher Polioptila albiloris southwestern Mexico and Central America

References

  1. ↑ Sclater, P.L. (1855). "On the genus Culicivora of Swainson, and its component species". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 23: 11–12. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/30747842. 
  2. ↑ Baird, Spencer Fullerton (1864). Review of American birds, in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1, North and Middle America. Washington: Smithsonian Institution. p. 67. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7283317. 
  3. ↑ Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds (1964). Check-list of Birds of the World. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 448. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14486637. 
  4. ↑ Jobling, J.A. (2019). "Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology". in del Hoyo, J.; Elliott, A.; Sargatal, J. et al.. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions. https://www.hbw.com/dictionary/definition/polioptila. Retrieved 28 January 2019. 
  5. ↑ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds (July 2024). "Dapple-throats, sugarbirds, fairy-bluebirds, kinglets, Elachura, hyliotas, wrens, gnatcatchers". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/sugarbirds/. 

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