Biology:Pygopristis
Pygopristis is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Serrasalmidae, which includes the pacus, piranhas and related fishes.. The only species in the genus is Pygopristis denticulata, also known as the lobetoothed piranha,.[1] This species is a rare South American characiform fish found in the Orinoco River basin, rivers of the northern and eastern Guiana Shield, and tributaries of the lower Amazon River.[2] Like other piranhas, it is found in freshwater,[1] with specimens of this species typically found in acidic clearwater or blackwater environments. Despite their ferocious reputation, many piranhas have broader diets;[1] this species feeds on the scales of other fish as juveniles,[3] but transitions to a broader diet of aquatic insects, small fish, and fruits as adults.[4]
Biology
P. denticulata grows to about 20 cm (7.9 in) in total length.[2] It has 62 chromosomes.[5]P. denticulata has pentacuspid teeth and a middle cusp that is usually only slightly larger than the other cusps. This is unlike other piranhas, which have tricuspid teeth with a larger middle cusp, making the teeth appear triangular.[5]
Taxonomy
Within the family Serrasalmidae, P. denticulata is more closely related to Catoprion than it is to the majority of species traditionally considered true piranhas.[5]
Gallery
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Juvenile -
Dentition
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Fink, William L. (1989-01-01). "Ontogeny and phylogeny of shape and diet in the South American fishes called piranhas" (in en). Geobios. Ontogenèse Et Évolution 22: 167–172. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(89)80017-8. ISSN 0016-6995. Bibcode: 1989Geobi..22..167F. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016699589800178.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2007). "Pygopristis denticulata" in FishBase. July 2007 version.
- ↑ Kolmann, Matthew A.; Huie, Jonathan M.; Evans, Kory; Summers, Adam P. (January 2018). "Specialized specialists and the narrow niche fallacy: a tale of scale-feeding fishes" (in en). Royal Society Open Science 5 (1). doi:10.1098/rsos.171581. ISSN 2054-5703. PMID 29410862.
- ↑ Machado-Allison, A.; W. Fink (1996). Los Peces Caribes de Venezuela. Diagnosis, claves, aspectos ecológicos y evolutivos. (Colección Monografías). Caracas: Universidad Central de Venezuela, CDCV. ISBN 980-00-0967-1.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Freeman, Barbie; Nico, Leo G.; Osentoski, Matthew; Jelks, Howard L.; Collins, Timothy M. (2007). "Molecular systematics of Serrasalmidae: Deciphering the identities of piranha species and unraveling their evolutionary histories". Zootaxa 1484: 1–38. doi:10.1046/j.1439-0469.2000.384132.x. http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/zt01484p038.pdf.
Wikidata ☰ Q2300789 entry
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