Biology:Scilla peruviana
| Portuguese squill | |
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Asparagaceae |
| Subfamily: | Scilloideae |
| Genus: | Scilla |
| Species: | S. peruviana
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| Binomial name | |
| Scilla peruviana | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Many, including:
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Scilla peruviana, the Portuguese squill,[2] is a species of Scilla native to the western Mediterranean region in Iberia, Italy, and northwest Africa.[1][3] It is a bulb-bearing herbaceous perennial plant. The bulb is 6–8 cm in diameter, white with a covering of brown scales. The leaves are linear, 20–60 cm long and 1–4 cm broad, with 5-15 leaves produced each spring. The flowering stem is 15–40 cm tall, bearing a dense pyramidal raceme of 40-100 flowers; each flower is blue, 1–2 cm in diameter, with six tepals. The foliage dies down in summer, re-appearing in the autumn.
Name
Although the epithet peruviana means "from Peru", it is strictly a western Mediterranean species. Linnaeus named the species in 1753, citing an earlier name given to the plant by Carolus Clusius, Hyacinthus stellatus peruanus.[4] Clusius mentioned the species as growing in the Antwerp garden of a certain Everardus Munichoven, who reportedly got the plants from Peru.[5] The error was already mentioned in 1804 in Curtis's Botanical Magazine.[6] There is no reliable source for the story about a ship named 'Peru', shipping plants from Spain to Northern Europe, misleading Clusius or Linnaeus into giving the erroneous name.[7]
Cultivation and uses
It is commonly grown as an ornamental plant for its spring flowers; several cultivars are available ranging in colour from white to light or dark blue, or violet. In some areas it is also known as hyacinth-of-Peru,[3] Cuban-lily,[3] or Peruvian scilla.
It is not entirely hardy, suffering from prolonged frost. The best environment is a warm mediterranean climate similar to its native habitat.[8]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Scilla peruviana L.". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:540971-1. Retrieved 2020-05-17.
- ↑ (xls) BSBI List 2007, Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland, https://bsbi.org/download/3542/, retrieved 2014-10-17
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Scilla peruviana | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?33340 | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 30 June 2013 }}
- ↑ Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum. 1. Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius. p. 309. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/358328.
- ↑ Clusius, C. (1601). Rariorum plantarum historia. Antwerp: Plantijn Moretus. p. 182. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/529795.
Clusius writes: Primum autem locum merito sibi vindicabit elegant et rarissimus ille, quem, ex Peruano orbe delatum, in suo horto alebat Everardus Munichoven et florentem suis coloribus exprimi curabat. A French translation of it is to be found here: Cette [Hyacinthus] élégante et très rare, rapportée de la région du Pérou, que cultivait dans son jardin Everard de Munich[oven] (à qui cette étude tient à coeur) et qu'il soignait en fleurs pour ses couleurs parmi les plus belles. - ↑ Sims, J., ed (1804). "Scilla peruviana". Curtis's Botanical Magazine 20: 749. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/471111.
- ↑ O'Hara, S.A. (2019). "What's in a Name – Scilla peruviana". https://calhortsociety.org/2019/03/28/whats-in-a-name-scilla-peruviana.
- ↑ "All about Scilla peruviana". Longfield Gardens. https://www.longfield-gardens.com/article/All-About-Scilla-Peruviana.
Wikidata ☰ Q2072707 entry
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