Biology:Senecio flaccidus
| Threadleaf ragwort | |
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| Threadleaf ragwort | |
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Senecio |
| Species: | S. flaccidus
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| Binomial name | |
| Senecio flaccidus Less.[1]
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| Range of S. flaccidus | |
| Synonyms | |
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Senecio longilobus Benth | |
Senecio flaccidus, formerly recorded as Senecio douglasii (in honor of the botanist David Douglas), member of the daisy family and genus Senecio also known as threadleaf ragwort[3] (and threadleaf groundsel, bush senecio, creek senecio, shrubby butterweed, comb butterweed, smooth threadleaf ragwort, Mono ragwort, Douglas ragwort, Douglas groundsel, sand wash groundsel, felty groundsel, old man, yerba cana, squawweed or cenicillo), is a native of the southwestern Great Plains of North America.[4][5][6][7]
Description
Threadleaf ragwort is a fast-growing, short-lived (3 to 6 years) bushy perennial shrub growing to 4 feet 6 inches (1.37 m); common in gravelly washes, dry creek beds, along roads and trails and mostly away from the coast.[5]
- Leaves and Stems
- Branched and bushy, Senecio flaccidus gets its common name from its white, threadlike, bent and matted, tomentose leaves; alternate and deeply pinnate, divided into five to nine narrow linear segments, glabrous, having no hairs or projections, gray-green above, 1 to 4 inches (2.5 to 10.2 cm) long. The principal leaves often have auxiliary clusters of smaller leaves.[5] The stems are grooved and the branches are thin, herbaceous above and woody near the base.[4][5]
- Flowers
- Showy flowering heads of yellow ray flowers, 3–4 inches (7.6–10.2 cm) across; eight to thirteen sterile rays, purplish brown disk florets that produce the seeds.[5][6]
- Seeds
- Dicotyledon fruits; each a 1⁄8 inch (3.2 mm) long achene ribbed and hoary, covered with short white hairs.[4][5][6]
Toxicity
Colonizing disturbed areas including over-grazed lands, Senecio flaccidus helps to achieve a quick ground cover and helps to stabilize the soil for longer-lived perennials but in this situation makes poor foraging for cattle and horses due to the alkaloids contained in the plant which cause liver disease when consumed in large quantities.[7]
Also known as Senecio longilobus, one of the alkaloids found in this species is longilobine,[8] as well as senecionine, seneciphylline, florosenine, otonecine-based florosenine, and retrorsine.[7]
Distribution
Like many Senecio Senecio flaccidus likes disturbed habitats, this one preferring overgrazed rangelands, dried up stream beds and desert grasslands;[7] at altitudes above 1,800 feet (550 m) and below 6,500 feet (2,000 m).[6]
- America
- America
- North-Central: Kansas , Oklahoma, Wyoming
- Northwestern: Colorado
- South-Central: New Mexico, Texas
- Southwestern: Arizona, California , Nevada, Utah
- Northern Mexico: Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, San Luis Potosí, Sonora, Zacatecas, Baja California
- Central Mexico: Aguascalientes, Baja Norte, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Jalisco (n.e.), Veracruz
Subspecies which are synonyms
- Senecio flaccidus Less. var. flaccidus
- Senecio douglasii DC. var. longilobus (Benth.) L.D. Benson
- Senecio douglasii DC. var. jamesii (Torr. & A. Gray) Ediger ex Correll & M.C. Johnst.
- Senecio douglasii DC. ssp. longilobus (Benth.) W.A. Weber[1]
- Senecio flaccidus Less. var. monoensis (Greene) B. L. Turner & T. M. Barkley
- Senecio flaccidus Less. var. douglasii (DC.) B. L. Turner & T. M. Barkley
- Senecio flaccidus var. flaccidus[2]
See also
- Pyrrolizidine
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). "PLANTS Profile, Senecio flaccidus Less. var. flaccidus". The PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture. http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=SEFLF.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 {{citation | mode = cs1 | title = Senecio flaccidus | work = Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) | url = | publisher = [[Organization:Agricultural Research ServAgricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) | access-date = 20 February 2008 }}
- ↑ "Senecio flaccidus". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SEFL3. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Oklahoma Biological Survey (1999-09-20). "Senecio flaccidus Less. var. flaccidus". Scientific Name Index. University of Oklahoma. http://www.biosurvey.ou.edu/shrub/sefld.htm.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Michael L. Charters. "Senecio flaccidus Less. var. douglasii (DC) B. Turner & T. Barkley". Wildflowers and Other Plants of Southern California. http://www.calflora.net/bloomingplants/bushsenecio.html.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 George DeLange; Audrey DeLange. "Sand Wash Groundsel". Arizona Wild Flowers Wildflower Pictures And Photos. http://www.delange.org/GroundSel/GroundSel.htm.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 James E. Nellessen. "Senecio flaccidus Less.". United States Fish and Wildlife Service. http://www.fs.fed.us/global/iitf/pdf/shrubs/Senecio%20flaccidus.pdf.
- ↑ "Liver injury following administration of alpha- and beta- longilobine". Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 76 (3): 530–532. March 1951. doi:10.3181/00379727-76-18545. 14844262. PMID 14844262.
External links
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System Organization (ITIS) (20 December 2007). "Senecio flaccidus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System on-line database. https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=505126.
- Arizona Vascular Plant Herbarium. "Senecio flaccidus". Southwest Environmental Information Network. http://seinet.asu.edu/seinet/imageLibrary/viewimage.php?source=plants&taxon=Senecio flaccidus.
- Calflora. "Taxon Report – 7491". Information on California plants for education, research and conservation. The Calflora Database. http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Senecio+flaccidus.
Wikidata ☰ Q3025700 entry
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