Biology:Sperm-associated antigen 8
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Sperm-associated antigen 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPAG8 gene.[1][2][3]
The correlation of anti-sperm antibodies with cases of unexplained infertility implicates a role for these antibodies in blocking fertilization. Improved diagnosis and treatment of immunologic infertility, as well as identification of proteins for targeted contraception, are dependent on the identification and characterization of relevant sperm antigens. The protein encoded by this gene is recognized by sperm agglutinating antibodies from an infertile woman. This protein is localized in germ cells of the testis at all stages of spermatogenesis and is localized to the acrosomal region of mature spermatozoa. Alternatively spliced variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described but the full-length sequences of only two have been determined.[3]
References
- ↑ "Assignment of chromosomal locus and evidence for alternatively spliced mRNAs of a human sperm membrane protein (hSMP-1)". Biochim Biophys Acta 1447 (1): 119–24. Nov 1999. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(99)00136-0. PMID 10500252.
- ↑ "Expression and characterization of a novel human sperm membrane protein". Biol Reprod 54 (2): 323–30. Oct 1996. doi:10.1095/biolreprod54.2.323. PMID 8788182.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: SPAG8 sperm associated antigen 8". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=26206.
Further reading
- "Sperm antigens and their use in the development of an immunocontraceptive.". Am. J. Reprod. Immunol. 37 (1): 111–7. 1997. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00199.x. PMID 9138444.
- "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. 1997. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
- "Immune responses in rats following oral immunization with attenuated Salmonella typhimurium expressing human sperm antigen.". Arch. Androl. 45 (3): 169–80. 2001. doi:10.1080/01485010050193940. PMID 11111865.
- "Human sperm membrane protein (hSMP-1): a developmental testis-specific component during germ cell differentiation.". Arch. Androl. 45 (3): 239–46. 2001. doi:10.1080/01485010050194020. PMID 11111873.
- "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. 2003. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.
- "Sperm membrane protein (hSMP-1) and RanBPM complex in the microtubule-organizing centre.". J. Mol. Med. 82 (6): 383–8. 2004. doi:10.1007/s00109-004-0535-2. PMID 15014887.
- "DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9.". Nature 429 (6990): 369–74. 2004. doi:10.1038/nature02465. PMID 15164053. Bibcode: 2004Natur.429..369H.
- "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- "Inhibition of mouse acrosome reaction and sperm-zona pellucida binding by anti-human sperm membrane protein 1 antibody.". Asian J. Androl. 9 (1): 23–9. 2007. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7262.2007.00247.x. PMID 17187156.
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